Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Department of Civil Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Dec 10;695:133743. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133743. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
Heat stress in urban areas can have detrimental effects on human health, comfort and productivity. In order to mitigate heat stress, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of urban microclimate are increasingly used. The validation of these simulations however requires high-quality experimental data to be compared with the simulation results. Due to lack of available high-resolution high-quality experimental data, CFD validation of urban microclimate for real urban areas is normally performed based on either a limited number of parameters measured at a limited number of points in space, or on experiments for idealized generic configurations. In this study, CFD simulations of urban microclimate are performed for a dense highly heterogeneous district in Nicosia, Cyprus and validated using a high-resolution dataset of on-site measurements of air temperature, wind speed and surface temperature conducted for the same district area. The CFD simulations are performed based on the 3D Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations and the simulated period covers four consecutive days in July 2010. It is shown that the CFD simulations can predict air temperatures with an average absolute difference of 1.35 °C, wind speed with an average absolute difference of 0.57 m/s and surface temperatures with an average absolute difference of 2.31 °C. Based on the comparative results, conclusions are made regarding the performance of URANS for the selected application and possible reasons for deviations between measured and simulated results are discussed.
城市热应激对人类健康、舒适度和生产力都有不利影响。为了缓解热应激，城市微气候的计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟越来越多地被使用。然而，这些模拟的验证需要高质量的实验数据与模拟结果进行比较。由于缺乏可用的高分辨率高质量实验数据，通常基于在空间中有限数量的点测量的有限数量的参数，或者基于理想通用配置的实验来对实际城市地区的城市微气候进行 CFD 验证。在这项研究中，对塞浦路斯尼科西亚的一个密集、高度异质的区域进行了城市微气候的 CFD 模拟，并使用同一区域进行的现场测量的空气温度、风速和表面温度的高分辨率数据集对其进行了验证。CFD 模拟基于三维非定常雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯（URANS）方程进行，模拟时段涵盖 2010 年 7 月的连续四天。结果表明，CFD 模拟可以预测空气温度，平均绝对差异为 1.35°C，风速平均绝对差异为 0.57 m/s，表面温度平均绝对差异为 2.31°C。基于比较结果，对所选应用中 URANS 的性能做出了结论，并讨论了实测结果与模拟结果之间偏差的可能原因。
