Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, PR China.
The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, PR China.
Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2020 Mar;151:40-53. doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.11.007. Epub 2019 Nov 21.
Breast cancer (BC) is a serious worldwide disease that threatens women's health. Particularly, the morbidity of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is higher than that of other BC types due to its high molecular heterogeneity, metastatic potential and poor prognosis. TNBC lacks of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), so there are still no effective treatment methods for TNBC. Here, we reviewed the classification of TNBC, its molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis, treatment methods and prognosis. Finding effective targets is critical for the treatment of TNBC. Also, refining the classification of TNBC is benefited to choose the treatment of TNBC, because the sensitivity of chemotherapy is different in different TNBC. Some new treatment methods have been proposed in recent years, such as nutritional therapy and noncoding RNA treatment methods. There are some disadvantages, such as the side effect on normal cells after nutrient deprivation, low specificity and instability of noncoding RNA. More studies are necessary to improve the treatment of TNBC.
乳腺癌（BC）是一种严重的全球性疾病，威胁着妇女的健康。特别是三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）的发病率高于其他 BC 类型，因为它具有较高的分子异质性、转移潜能和不良预后。TNBC 缺乏雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）和人表皮生长因子受体 2（HER2），因此目前仍然没有有效的 TNBC 治疗方法。在这里，我们回顾了 TNBC 的分类、发病机制的分子机制、治疗方法和预后。寻找有效的靶点对于治疗 TNBC 至关重要。此外，细化 TNBC 的分类有助于选择 TNBC 的治疗方法，因为不同的 TNBC 对化疗的敏感性不同。近年来提出了一些新的治疗方法，如营养治疗和非编码 RNA 治疗方法。这些方法存在一些缺点，如营养剥夺后对正常细胞的副作用、非编码 RNA 的特异性和稳定性低。需要进一步研究以改善 TNBC 的治疗。
