College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Mar 10;707:135601. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135601. Epub 2019 Nov 18.
The composition and distribution of microplastics in surface water of the Yellow River lower reach near estuary were investigated in this work. The major shape types of microplastics can be classified to fibers, fragments and particles, and 93.12% of microplastics in the surface water were fibers. The microplastics <200 μm were most abundant at all sample sites, which accounted for 87.94% of microplastics. The composition of microplastics was identified as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene according to infrared spectrometer analysis. The amounts of primary microplastics accounted for approximately three-fourths according to scanning electron microscope and microscope photo observing. The microplastics at different weathering processes could be also observed. The average abundances of microplastics in the dry and wet seasons were 930 and 497 item/L, respectively. The abundances of microplastics in the dry season all higher than that in the wet season. The microplastic concentrations in the surface water decreased linearly with the distances from the estuary of Yellow River with rather high positive correlation coefficients at wet season (r = 0.8104, p < .01) and at dry season (r = 0.8333, p < .01). The distribution of microplastics in the river section and the density of microplastics may be the primary factors to influence the microplastic concentrations in the surface water. The researches about distribution of microplastics in the river section might provide useful information that could be used for calculating either mass fluxes or inventories of microplastics.
本工作调查了黄河下游河口附近地表水的微塑料组成和分布。微塑料的主要形状类型可分为纤维、碎片和颗粒，其中 93.12%的地表水微塑料为纤维。所有采样点的微塑料<200μm最丰富，占微塑料的 87.94%。根据红外光谱分析，确定微塑料的组成分别为聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯。根据扫描电子显微镜和显微镜照片观察，初级微塑料的数量约占四分之三。还可以观察到不同风化过程的微塑料。干湿两季的微塑料平均丰度分别为 930 和 497 项/L。干湿两季的微塑料丰度均高于湿季。在湿季（r=0.8104，p<.01）和干季（r=0.8333，p<.01），微塑料在地表水中的浓度随距黄河河口的距离呈线性下降，且相关性较高。河流断面微塑料的分布和微塑料的密度可能是影响地表水中微塑料浓度的主要因素。对河流断面微塑料分布的研究可能为计算微塑料的质量通量或存量提供有用信息。
