Casselbrant M L, Cantekin E I, Dirkmaat D C, Doyle W J, Bluestone C D
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA.
Acta Otolaryngol. 1988 Sep-Oct;106(3-4):178-85. doi: 10.3109/00016488809106423.
In an effort to study the effects of experimental paralysis of tensor veli palatini (TVP) muscle on Eustachian tube (ET) function and middle-ear (ME) status, botulinum toxin A (Oculinum) was injected into the TVP muscles of 8 Rhesus monkeys. Tubal function was tested longitudinally in 2 animals with tympanostomy tubes using the forced-response test, while in the remaining 6 animals; ME condition was documented daily using tympanometry. The postinjection tubal function was characterized by abolished active muscular function and decreased closing pressure. Activity associated with tubal dilations gradually reappeared by the fifth week. The lack of lumen constrictions following injection suggested that the TVP muscle is the cause of constriction as well as normal dilation. In 6 animals with intact tympanic membranes, 10 of the 12 ears developed flat tympanograms associated with otitis media with effusion (OME) within 8-30 days of injection and serous effusions were recovered by tympanocentesis in seven ears. These results show that a non-traumatic reversible functional obstruction of the ET was created by injecting botulinum toxin A into the TVP muscle. This functional obstruction was associated with the development of high negative ME pressure and serous effusion.
为了研究腭帆张肌（TVP）实验性麻痹对咽鼓管（ET）功能和中耳（ME）状态的影响，将A型肉毒杆菌毒素（Oculinum）注射到8只恒河猴的TVP肌肉中。对2只置有鼓膜造孔管的动物，使用强制反应试验纵向测试咽鼓管功能，而对其余6只动物，每天使用鼓室导抗图记录中耳状况。注射后咽鼓管功能的特征是主动肌肉功能丧失和闭合压力降低。与咽鼓管扩张相关的活动在第五周逐渐重新出现。注射后缺乏管腔收缩表明TVP肌肉是收缩以及正常扩张的原因。在6只鼓膜完整的动物中，12只耳朵中有10只在注射后8 - 30天内出现了与中耳积液性中耳炎（OME）相关的平坦鼓室导抗图，7只耳朵通过鼓膜穿刺抽出了浆液性积液。这些结果表明，通过向TVP肌肉注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素可造成咽鼓管非创伤性可逆性功能阻塞。这种功能阻塞与中耳高负压和浆液性积液的发生有关。
