Gatouillat C, Luiggi M, Griffet J, Travert M
Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, ISM, 13288 Marseille, France.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2021 Apr 12;43(1):155-163. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdz143.
Sport participation is declining in some European countries. Previous findings recommended considering territorial specificities to adapt local sports promotion programs. However, in France, little is known about adolescents' preferences and their changes across time. This study aimed to measure preferred sports and their changes among a representative sample of adolescents of the third biggest French département.
Data were extracted from a previous cross-sectional study that used a quota sampling design to respect the proportions of advantaged and disadvantaged schools. The present study involved 744 and 938 participants, in 2001 and 2015, respectively. Adolescent preferences were calculated by sex and socioeconomic status (SES). Multiple binary logistic regressions were performed to measure changes between 2001 and 2015 by sex and SES.
Sports preferences and their evolution differed by sex and SES. Three cases were observed: no significant change in sports preferences (low-SES boys), a sharp loss of interest for some sports (low-SES girls and high-SES boys) and a sharp loss of interest for some sports whilst others gained significant interest (high-SES girls).
This knowledge may help the development of sport promotion programs. Future sport policies could choose to develop sports that are preferred and increasingly appreciated by adolescents.
在一些欧洲国家，参与体育运动的人数正在下降。先前的研究结果建议考虑地域特殊性，以调整当地的体育推广项目。然而，在法国，对于青少年的偏好及其随时间的变化了解甚少。本研究旨在测量法国第三大省份具有代表性的青少年样本中偏好的体育运动及其变化情况。
数据取自先前一项采用配额抽样设计的横断面研究，以确保优势学校和弱势学校的比例得到体现。本研究在2001年和2015年分别涉及744名和938名参与者。青少年的偏好按性别和社会经济地位（SES）进行计算。进行了多项二元逻辑回归分析，以测量2001年至2015年期间按性别和SES的变化情况。
体育偏好及其演变因性别和SES而异。观察到三种情况：体育偏好无显著变化（低SES男孩），对某些运动的兴趣急剧下降（低SES女孩和高SES男孩），以及对某些运动的兴趣急剧下降而对其他运动的兴趣显著增加（高SES女孩）。
这些信息可能有助于体育推广项目的开展。未来的体育政策可以选择发展青少年偏好且越来越受青睐的运动项目。
