Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Division of Pediatrics, Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2019 Nov 28;19(12):60. doi: 10.1007/s11882-019-0891-1.
The purpose of this review article is to discuss the recent literature around methods of prevention of food allergies other than peanut allergy.
While the most robust data to date exists for peanut, there are emerging studies suggesting a beneficial effect to early introduction of cooked egg, and cow's milk as well. While the literature is sparse for other allergens such as tree nuts, finned fish, and shellfish, the mechanism of sensitization is thought to be the same and no study to date has demonstrated a harm with allergenic introduction in the 4-6 months of age window (nor has there been level 1 evidence of benefit to delay of such allergens). This strategy is safe, and pre-emptive testing is not required prior to allergenic solid introduction. All allergenic solids should be introduced at around 6, but not before 4, months of age in infants at high risk.
本文旨在讨论除花生过敏以外的食物过敏预防方法的最新文献。
虽然迄今为止针对花生的研究最具说服力，但新出现的研究表明，早期引入熟鸡蛋和牛奶也有益处。尽管有关其他过敏原（如坚果、鱼类和贝类）的文献很少，但致敏机制被认为是相同的，并且迄今为止没有研究表明在 4-6 个月龄窗口引入过敏原会造成危害（也没有一级证据表明延迟引入这些过敏原会带来益处）。这种策略是安全的，在引入致敏固体之前不需要进行预先检测。高风险婴儿应在 6 个月左右，但不早于 4 个月龄时引入所有致敏固体。
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