Jiménez-Moreno Nerea, Volpe Francesca, Moler Jose Antonio, Esparza Irene, Ancín-Azpilicueta Carmen
Department of Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Nov 28;8(12):597. doi: 10.3390/antiox8120597.
The use of grape stems for the extraction of bioactive compounds to be used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries is a promising objective. The aim of this work is to determine the influence of the different extraction conditions (temperature, ethanol concentration, and ratio of sample/solvent) on phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of Mazuelo stem extracts. In general, the ethanol concentration of the extraction solvent was the factor that had the greatest influence on the extraction of different bioactive compounds. The greatest content of total phenolic compounds and the highest antioxidant activity of the extracts were obtained with 50% ethanol and at 40 °C. The most abundant compound found in the different extracts obtained from Mazuelo grape stem was (+)-catechin, but appreciable concentrations of gallic acid, a quercetin derivative, and stilbenes (trans-resveratrol and -ε-viniferin) were also extracted. Quercetin and malvidin-3-glucoside showed the highest correlation with the antioxidant capacity of the extracts, while stilbenes did not present such relation. The maximum concentration of gallic acid was extracted with water but the extraction of most of the compounds was maximum on using 50% ethanol. Consequently, the selection of the extraction method to be used will depend on the particular compound to be extracted in greatest quantity.
利用葡萄茎提取生物活性化合物用于制药、食品和化妆品行业是一个很有前景的目标。这项工作的目的是确定不同提取条件（温度、乙醇浓度和样品/溶剂比例）对马苏埃洛葡萄茎提取物中酚类成分和抗氧化能力的影响。一般来说，提取溶剂的乙醇浓度是对不同生物活性化合物提取影响最大的因素。提取物中总酚化合物含量最高且抗氧化活性最强的情况是在乙醇浓度为50%、温度为40℃时获得的。从马苏埃洛葡萄茎中获得的不同提取物中发现的最丰富的化合物是（+）-儿茶素，但也提取到了可观浓度的没食子酸、一种槲皮素衍生物和芪类化合物（反式白藜芦醇和-ε-葡萄素）。槲皮素和矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷与提取物的抗氧化能力相关性最高，而芪类化合物则不存在这种关系。没食子酸的最大浓度是用水提取得到的，但大多数化合物在使用50%乙醇时提取量最大。因此，所使用提取方法的选择将取决于要大量提取的特定化合物。
