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生物医学数据集的隐私困境中的伦理困境

Navigating ethical quandaries with the privacy dilemma of biomedical datasets.

机构信息

Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA,

出版信息

Pac Symp Biocomput. 2020;25:736-738.

Abstract

With decreasing cost of biomedical technologies, the scale of the genetic and healthcare data have exponentially increased and become available to wider audiences. Hence, privacy of patients and study participants has garnered the attention of researchers and regulators alike. Availability of genetic and health care information for uses not anticipated at the time of collection gives rise to privacy concerns such that people suffer dignitary harm when their data is used in ways they did not desire or intend, even if no concrete economic damage results. In this workshop, we explore the issues surrounding data use to advance human health from a privacy perspective. Broadly this field can be considered in two encompassing areas: (1) Ethics and regulation of privacy: The ethical and regulatory frames through which we can consider privacy, the existing regulations regarding privacy and what is on the horizon, and implementation of such ethical considerations for data with the new Common Rule. (2) Approaches to ensuring privacy using technology: The technologies that allow responsible use and sharing of data such as encryption and the quantification of privacy leakages in publicly available data through privacy attacks for better risk-assessment tools.

摘要

随着生物医学技术成本的降低,基因和医疗保健数据的规模呈指数级增长,并可供更广泛的受众使用。因此,患者和研究参与者的隐私引起了研究人员和监管机构的共同关注。在收集时未预料到的用途下使用基因和医疗保健信息会引发隐私问题,即当人们的数据被以他们不希望或不打算的方式使用时,他们会遭受尊严伤害,即使没有实际的经济损失。在本次研讨会上,我们从隐私角度探讨了围绕数据使用以促进人类健康的问题。从广义上讲,这个领域可以分为两个涵盖的领域:(1)隐私的伦理和监管:我们可以通过哪些伦理和监管框架来考虑隐私,现有的隐私法规以及未来的发展方向,以及如何在新的通用规则下对数据进行这些伦理考虑的实施。(2)使用技术确保隐私的方法:允许负责任地使用和共享数据的技术,例如加密技术,以及通过隐私攻击量化公开数据中的隐私泄露,以更好地评估风险的工具。

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