Davies J W, Semenciw R M, Mao Y
Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Department of National Health and Welfare, Ottawa, Ontario.
Can J Cardiol. 1988 Jul;4 Suppl A:16A-20A.
Large declines have occurred in cardiovascular disease mortality in both sexes in Canada during the past two decades. However, there are many countries with substantially lower rates at the present time. Ischemic heart disease mortality accounts for about 60% of cardiovascular disease mortality. Cardiovascular disease rates have declined progressively since the mid-1960s in males 35 to 64 and 65 or more years of age, as well as in females in the latter age group. In younger females, 35 to 64 years of age, a slowly progressive reduction in rates started as early as 1930. Trends for stroke mortality also reveal similar long term reductions in rates since 1930 in both sexes. Relative risks for smoking, hypertension, elevated serum cholesterol and diabetes were analyzed. Almost one-third of the cardiovascular deaths in males were attributable to smoking. Population attributable risks for the four risk factors together were 53% for both sexes. Attention is drawn to the increased risks for persons in lower socioeconomic groups and those with low standards of education and the importance of recognition of these factors in intervention programs.
在过去二十年中，加拿大男女心血管疾病死亡率均大幅下降。然而，目前有许多国家的心血管疾病死亡率要低得多。缺血性心脏病死亡率约占心血管疾病死亡率的60%。自20世纪60年代中期以来，35至64岁以及65岁及以上男性的心血管疾病发病率逐渐下降，65岁及以上女性的发病率也逐渐下降。在35至64岁的年轻女性中，早在1930年就开始出现发病率缓慢下降的情况。自1930年以来，男女中风死亡率趋势也显示出类似的长期下降。对吸烟、高血压、血清胆固醇升高和糖尿病的相对风险进行了分析。男性中近三分之一的心血管疾病死亡可归因于吸烟。这四种风险因素的总体人群归因风险在男女中均为53%。需要关注社会经济地位较低群体以及教育水平较低人群面临的风险增加，以及在干预项目中认识到这些因素的重要性。
