Prognosis and outcome of patients with acute myeloid leukemia based on mutation with or without additional abnormal cytogenetics.

The FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication () gene mutation is present in ~20% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Patients with an mutation have a poor prognosis. However, the prognostic function of combined with other cytogenetic abnormalities are not clear. In the present study, a retrospective analysis of 103 newly diagnosed patients with AML was performed. The results revealed that the overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) times were significantly longer in patients with an mutation combined with other favorable risk genes, compared with in those patients with a single mutation (P=0.0361 and P=0.0426). Sorafenib combined with chemotherapy significantly improved the overall response rate (ORR) when compared with mono-chemotherapy (P=0.039), but no significant differences were observed in the OS and RFS. In conclusion, favorable-risk cytogenetics may improve the clinical outcomes of patients with -mutated AML, but adverse-risk cytogenetics may not further worsen the prognosis. Sorafenib combined with chemotherapy may increase the ORR but would not result in a longer OS and RFS.