Akbari-Kordkheyli Vahid, Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi Kazem, Nejati-Laskokalayeh Mohaddeseh, Zarpou Setareh, Khonakdar-Tarsi Abbas
Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2019 Sep;22(9):968-976. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.34284.8147.
Ischemia-reperfusion injuries (IRI) occur in different clinical conditions such as stroke, trauma, organ transplantation, and so on. Ischemia damages mainly arise from oxygen depletion in tissues. The lack of oxygen as the last acceptor of electron in the respiratory chain causes a decrease in ATP production and eventually leads to disruption of membrane transport, acidosis, cellular edema and membrane distortion of organelles, and cells. Reperfusion can intensify ischemic injuries by the infiltration of inflammatory cells and also oxygen and calcium overloading. Since the tissue antioxidant contents decreased due to increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during IRI, the application of antioxidants is considered an appropriate strategy to ameliorate IRI. Silymarin constitutes about 70-80% of silybum marianum dry extract and is known as a strong free radical scavenger with anti-inflammatory properties. In several studies, silibinin as a major component of Silymarin could provide protective effects in various tissue IRI by different mechanisms such as scavenging free radicals, decreasing inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting cellular death, and increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes. To clarify functional mechanisms, the present article evaluates studies about silymarin effects in different tissues IRI.
缺血再灌注损伤（IRI）发生于多种临床情况，如中风、创伤、器官移植等。缺血损伤主要源于组织中的氧耗竭。作为呼吸链中电子的最终受体，缺氧导致三磷酸腺苷（ATP）生成减少，最终导致膜转运破坏、酸中毒、细胞水肿以及细胞器和细胞的膜变形。再灌注可通过炎症细胞浸润以及氧和钙超载加剧缺血损伤。由于在IRI期间活性氧（ROS）生成增加导致组织抗氧化剂含量降低，因此应用抗氧化剂被认为是改善IRI的一种合适策略。水飞蓟宾占水飞蓟干燥提取物的约70 - 80%，是一种具有抗炎特性的强大自由基清除剂。在多项研究中，水飞蓟宾作为水飞蓟素的主要成分，可通过清除自由基、减少炎性细胞因子、抑制细胞死亡以及增加抗氧化酶表达等不同机制，对各种组织IRI提供保护作用。为阐明其功能机制，本文评估了关于水飞蓟素在不同组织IRI中作用的研究。
