Li Tianwen, Tang Hailiang, Zhu Jianhong, Zhang John H
Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, the Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Center for Neuroscience Research, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Ann Transl Med. 2019 Oct;7(20):585. doi: 10.21037/atm.2019.09.09.
Consciousness is a multidisciplinary problem that has puzzled all human beings since the origin of human life. Being defined in various pointcuts by philosophers, biologists, physicists, and neuroscientists, the definitive explanation of consciousness is still suspending. The nature of consciousness has taken great evolution by centering on the behavioral and neuronal correlates of perception and cognition, for example, the theory of Neural Correlates of Consciousness, the Global Workspace Theory, the Integrated Information Theory. While tremendous progress has been achieved, they are not enough if we are to understand even basic facts-how and where does the consciousness emerge. The Quantum mechanics, a thriving branch of physics, has an inseparable relationship with consciousness (e.g., observer effect) since Planck created this subject and its derived quantum consciousness theory can perfectly fill this gap. In this review, we briefly introduce some consciousness hypotheses derived from quantum mechanics and focus on the framework of orchestrated objective reduction (Orch-OR), including its principal points and practicality.
意识是一个多学科问题,自人类生命起源以来一直困扰着全人类。哲学家、生物学家、物理学家和神经科学家从不同切入点对其进行了定义,但意识的最终解释仍悬而未决。意识的本质围绕感知和认知的行为及神经元关联经历了重大演变,例如意识的神经关联理论、全局工作空间理论、整合信息理论。尽管已取得巨大进展,但要理解哪怕是最基本的事实——意识如何产生以及在哪里产生,这些进展还远远不够。量子力学作为物理学的一个蓬勃发展的分支,自普朗克创立这一学科以来就与意识有着不可分割的关系(例如观察者效应),其衍生出的量子意识理论能够完美填补这一空白。在本综述中,我们简要介绍一些源自量子力学的意识假说,并重点关注精心策划的客观还原(Orch-OR)框架,包括其要点和实用性。