Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland.
Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 9;9(1):18611. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54991-5.
Violin varnishes are known to affect both moisture absorption and vibrational properties of violin wood. However, traditional multi-layered varnish systems suffer from substantial wear as a result of intensive use, which calls for deeper understanding of the specific impact of individual layers. Using sophisticated in-situ neutron imaging and vibrational modal analysis, we show how wood sorption and vibrational behavior of tonewood depend on the build-up of the varnish system. The results demonstrate the protective effect of complete coatings and emphasize that strongly worn regions cannot accomplish the function as an effective moisture barrier, which might pose a risk for frequently played or aged string instruments. Furthermore, the build-up of the varnish system affects the vibrational properties of the tonewood, influencing its final sound quality. This delicate interplay should be considered both for the handling of antique and aged violins and for the production of modern high-quality instruments.
小提琴清漆已知会影响小提琴木材的吸湿性和振动特性。然而，传统的多层清漆系统由于使用频繁而遭受严重磨损，这需要更深入地了解各个层的具体影响。我们使用复杂的原位中子成像和振动模态分析，展示了木材的吸附和音调木材的振动行为如何取决于清漆系统的建立。结果表明完整涂层的保护作用，并强调强烈磨损的区域不能作为有效的防潮层完成其功能，这可能对经常演奏或老化的弦乐器构成风险。此外，清漆系统的堆积会影响音调木材的振动特性，从而影响其最终的音质。这种微妙的相互作用对于处理古董和古老的小提琴以及生产现代高质量乐器都应加以考虑。
