Department of Psychological Sciences, 325 Stadler Hall, 1 University Boulevard, University of Missouri- St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA.
Department of Psychological Sciences, 325 Stadler Hall, 1 University Boulevard, University of Missouri- St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2020 Jan;99:104282. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104282. Epub 2019 Dec 9.
Associations between parenting attitudes and behavior and children's adjustment are well-established, including links between negative parenting beliefs and increased risk for child maltreatment and poorer child functioning. Considerably less is known regarding what factors may correspond with parenting attitudes, particularly among at-risk samples. In line with theoretical models of the determinants of parenting, the aim of the study was to investigate correlates of parenting attitudes among child, caregiver, family, and neighborhood factors.
PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGS/METHODS: The study included 1071 4-year-old children (48.8 % female; 55.7 % Black) and their caregivers from the Longitudinal Studies in Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN) study.
Numerous factors were consistently related to more positive parenting attitudes (i.e., more appropriate parenting expectations, greater empathy, and valuing non-physical punishment), including greater educational attainment, caregiver history of child sexual and physical abuse, lower levels of children's internalizing symptoms, greater family income, and lower levels of psychological aggression. Lower levels of caregiver depressive symptoms, greater number of maltreatment allegations, use of nonviolent discipline, and less severity of stressful life events were tied to more adaptive parenting attitudes in one or two domains.
Caregiver, child, familial, and environmental factors, as well as child maltreatment, may be important in determining parenting attitudes. Identification of the drivers of parenting attitudes may aid identification and intervention efforts with high-risk samples of caregivers to help improve parenting outcomes.
父母态度和行为与儿童适应之间的关系已得到充分证实，包括消极的育儿信念与儿童虐待风险增加和儿童功能较差之间的联系。然而，对于哪些因素可能与育儿态度相关，特别是在高风险样本中，了解得要少得多。根据育儿决定因素的理论模型，本研究旨在调查儿童、照顾者、家庭和邻里因素与育儿态度的相关性。
参与者和设置/方法：该研究包括来自虐待和忽视儿童纵向研究（LONGSCAN）的 1071 名 4 岁儿童（48.8%为女性；55.7%为黑人）及其照顾者。
许多因素与更积极的育儿态度（即更恰当的育儿期望、更高的同理心和重视非体罚）密切相关，包括更高的教育程度、照顾者的儿童性和身体虐待史、儿童内化症状水平较低、家庭收入较高以及心理攻击水平较低。照顾者抑郁症状水平较低、虐待指控数量较多、使用非暴力纪律以及生活压力事件严重程度较低与一个或两个领域更适应的育儿态度有关。
照顾者、儿童、家庭和环境因素以及儿童虐待可能是决定育儿态度的重要因素。确定育儿态度的驱动因素可能有助于识别和干预高风险照顾者样本，以帮助改善育儿结果。
