Semba R D, Donnelly J J, Rockey J H, Lok J B, Sakla A A, Taylor H R
Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1988 Nov;29(11):1642-51.
Chorioretinitis due to onchocerciasis is a major cause of blindness, and the pathogenesis is poorly understood. We have developed an experimental model for onchocercal chorioretinitis using cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Two normal monkeys and two monkeys which had received prior sensitization with subcutaneous injections of live Onchocerca lienalis microfilariae were given intravitreal injections of either 0, 10, 50 or 500 live microfilariae. Posterior segment changes included disc edema, venous engorgement, retinal vasculitis, intraretinal hemorrhage, and progressive retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) disturbances. Histopathological findings included perivascular infiltrates with eosinophils, eosinophilic choroiditis, and RPE hypertrophy, hyperplasia and loss of pigment. Microfilariae in the retina had no surrounding inflammation but were found adjacent to areas of RPE alterations. Overall the inflammatory reaction in the two unsensitized monkeys was more severe than that seen in the sensitized monkeys. The retinal appearance of the monkeys resembled that found in human onchocerciasis, and this model appears to be a promising one for future investigations.
盘尾丝虫病所致脉络膜视网膜炎是失明的主要原因，其发病机制尚不清楚。我们利用食蟹猴（猕猴）建立了盘尾丝虫性脉络膜视网膜炎的实验模型。给两只正常猴子和两只先前经皮下注射活的链尾盘尾丝虫微丝蚴致敏的猴子玻璃体内注射0、10、50或500条活微丝蚴。眼后段改变包括视盘水肿、静脉充血、视网膜血管炎、视网膜内出血以及进行性视网膜色素上皮（RPE）紊乱。组织病理学发现包括血管周围嗜酸性粒细胞浸润、嗜酸性脉络膜炎以及RPE肥大、增生和色素脱失。视网膜内的微丝蚴周围无炎症，但发现其邻近RPE改变区域。总体而言，两只未致敏猴子的炎症反应比致敏猴子更严重。猴子的视网膜表现与人类盘尾丝虫病所见相似，该模型似乎是未来研究的一个有前景的模型。
