Universidade Paranaense, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, Paraná, Brazil.
J Relig Health. 2020 Dec;59(6):3004-3036. doi: 10.1007/s10943-019-00960-1.
Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Among treatment options, medicinal plants are frequently used, especially in developing countries, such as Brazil. Despite social development that has been observed in the last decades, the use of medicinal plants is still driven by popular knowledge, especially by healers. The present study sought to identify medicinal species that are used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases by healers in the microregion of Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil. The snowball technique was used to select informants, and data were collected through interviews. The research was performed in two stages: (1) a structured interview and (2) the collection and botanical identification of the species that were mentioned by the healers. Medicinal plants were classified into the following categories of cardiovascular agents: hypotensive and antihypertensive agents, lipid-lowering agents, diuretic agents, and cardiotonic agents. To analyze the data, the frequency was determined, Spearman correlations were calculated, and the informant consensus factor (ICF) and use value were obtained. Some characteristics, such as female gender and old age, were associated with knowledge about medicinal plants. Overall, 77 different species and 149 medicinal uses were cited by the healers. With regard to categories of use, the highest number of species was found among lipid-lowering plants, and the highest ICF was found for species that are used as cardiotonics. Moreover, a literature review indicated that among the cited species, several still lack studies that have proven their effects on the cardiovascular system. The traditional use of medicinal plants for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is broad in the study regions. The present results are important for clarifying popular knowledge in this region and providing a framework for selecting species with potential for the development of new pharmacological studies.
心血管疾病是全球高发病率和死亡率的主要原因。在治疗选择中，经常使用药用植物，特别是在发展中国家，如巴西。尽管过去几十年观察到社会发展，但药用植物的使用仍然受到大众知识的驱动，特别是治疗师。本研究旨在确定巴西巴拉那州弗朗西斯科·贝尔特朗罗微地区的治疗师用于治疗心血管疾病的药用物种。使用雪球技术选择线人，通过访谈收集数据。研究分两个阶段进行：（1）进行结构化访谈，（2）收集和植物学鉴定治疗师提到的物种。药用植物被分为以下几类心血管药物：降血压和抗高血压药物、降血脂药物、利尿剂和强心剂。为了分析数据，确定了频率，计算了斯皮尔曼相关性，并获得了信息共识因子（ICF）和使用值。一些特征，如女性性别和老年，与药用植物知识有关。总的来说，治疗师共提到了 77 种不同的物种和 149 种药用用途。关于使用类别，降血脂植物的物种数量最多，用作强心剂的物种的 ICF 最高。此外，文献综述表明，在所引用的物种中，有几种仍然缺乏证明其对心血管系统影响的研究。药用植物治疗心血管疾病的传统用途在研究区域很广泛。本研究结果对于阐明该地区的大众知识和为选择具有开发新药理学研究潜力的物种提供框架非常重要。
