Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Breast & Endocrine Surgery Unit, Istanbul, Turkey.
Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Breast & Endocrine Surgery Unit, Istanbul, Turkey.
Breast. 2019 Nov;48 Suppl 1:S57-S61. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9776(19)31125-7.
Managing elderly breast cancer patients brings challenges both to physicians and patients themselves. There are certain controversial issues regarding local treatment of early breast cancer in this population. Since elderly patients are more likely to have comorbidities and functional limitations, they are more prone to undertreatment. Although surgical treatment in elderly patients were reported to be safe, severity and number of comorbidities are shown to be related with increased complications, hence may lead to higher mortality and lower life quality. Therefore, frailty is one of the concerns which prevents elderly patients to receive standard-of-care local treatment. Nevertheless, breast cancers developing in elderly are more likely to be low grade and luminal type. Until now, primary endocrine treatment without surgical resection, omitting whole breast irradiation after partial mastectomy and avoiding sentinel lymph node biopsy, which are otherwise accepted as standard-of-care, were questionned in healthy, low-risk, elderly fit patients. Two main issues were suggested to be considered when assessing the impact of local treatment options in this patient group; the clinical significance of treatments' effects, and the patients' expectations. Due to their vulnerability, baseline geriatric assessment should be the initial step for management in elderly breast cancer patients. Even in those who are healthy and fit with long life-expectancy, de-escalation in management might be an option in low-risk patients after considering patients' individual expectations and limited clinical benefits of standard local treatment options.
管理老年乳腺癌患者给医生和患者本身都带来了挑战。在这一人群中,早期乳腺癌的局部治疗存在一些有争议的问题。由于老年患者更容易合并疾病和功能受限,他们更容易接受不足的治疗。尽管手术治疗在老年患者中被认为是安全的,但严重程度和合并症的数量与增加的并发症有关,因此可能导致更高的死亡率和更低的生活质量。因此,虚弱是阻止老年患者接受标准局部治疗的关注点之一。然而,老年患者中发生的乳腺癌更可能是低级别和管腔型的。到目前为止,对于健康、低危、体能良好的老年患者,不进行手术切除的原发内分泌治疗、部分乳房切除术后不进行全乳照射以及避免前哨淋巴结活检等标准治疗方法,都受到了质疑。在评估局部治疗方案对这一患者群体的影响时,有两个主要问题需要考虑;治疗效果的临床意义和患者的期望。由于老年患者的脆弱性,在管理老年乳腺癌患者时,初始步骤应该是进行基线老年评估。即使对于那些健康、体能良好且预期寿命较长的患者,在考虑患者的个体期望和标准局部治疗方案的有限临床获益后,对于低危患者,也可能需要在管理中降低治疗强度。
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