Liu Zi-Jun, Xu Liu-Xiong, Zhu Guo-Ping
College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Center for Polar Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2019 Dec;30(12):4344-4352. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201912.010.
Behavioral and physiological ecology are two important research aspects of ecological field. Related studies help us better understand the marine animal's habit and adaptability to environment. Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba, thereafter krill) is a key-stone species in the Southern Ocean. Understanding its behavioral and physiological ecology can understand the ability of marine organisms such as krill to cope with extreme environment. We summarized the typical ecological characteristics of krill from both aspects of behavioral ecology and physiological ecology. Behavioral ecology included its swarming (size and behavior) and swimming (angle, beat of pleopod), while physiological ecology included respiration, excretion, metabolism, molting and growth. Generally, the studies on behavioral and physiological ecology of krill were very limited, and many studies were based on land-based krill aquarium. In view of the large difference between land-based aquarium and natural environment of krill, it's extremely urgent to develop the in-situ experimental ecology of krill in the sea.
行为生态学和生理生态学是生态领域两个重要的研究方面。相关研究有助于我们更好地了解海洋动物的习性及其对环境的适应性。南极磷虾（Euphausia superba，以下简称磷虾）是南大洋的关键物种。了解其行为生态学和生理生态学有助于认识诸如磷虾等海洋生物应对极端环境的能力。我们从行为生态学和生理生态学两个方面总结了磷虾的典型生态特征。行为生态学包括其集群行为（群体大小和行为）和游泳行为（游泳角度、腹足的摆动），而生理生态学包括呼吸、排泄、新陈代谢、蜕皮和生长。总体而言，关于磷虾行为生态学和生理生态学的研究非常有限，许多研究是基于陆地磷虾水族箱进行的。鉴于陆地水族箱与磷虾自然环境之间存在巨大差异，开展海洋中磷虾的原位实验生态学研究迫在眉睫。
