Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Life Sci. 2020 Aug 1;254:117176. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117176. Epub 2019 Dec 13.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new type of endogenous noncoding RNAs with closed circular structure. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs play crucial roles in many biological processes by regulating linear RNA transcription, downstream gene expression and protein production. Meanwhile, recent studies have suggested that circRNAs have the potential to be oncogenic or anti-oncogenic and play vital regulatory roles in the initiation and progression of tumors. Circular RNA itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (circ-ITCH), a novel circular RNA originated from several exons of ITCH and located on chromosome 20q11.22, was proved to be declined in many malignant tumors, such as melanoma and ovarian cancer, resulting in tumor occurrence and progression. This review summarizes the biogenesis, characteristics, and functions of circRNAs, as well as recent progression regarding the biological functions and potential molecular mechanisms of circ-ITCH, and future challenges in cancer research.
环状 RNA（circRNAs）是一种新型的内源性非编码 RNA，具有闭合环状结构。越来越多的证据表明，circRNAs 通过调节线性 RNA 转录、下游基因表达和蛋白质产生，在许多生物学过程中发挥关键作用。同时，最近的研究表明，circRNAs 具有致癌或抑癌的潜力，并在肿瘤的发生和发展中发挥重要的调节作用。环状 RNA 瘙痒 E3 泛素蛋白连接酶（circ-ITCH）是一种新型环状 RNA，来源于 ITCH 的几个外显子，位于 20q11.22 染色体上，在许多恶性肿瘤中（如黑色素瘤和卵巢癌）呈下降趋势，导致肿瘤的发生和进展。本文综述了 circRNAs 的生物发生、特征和功能，以及最近关于 circ-ITCH 的生物学功能和潜在分子机制的研究进展，并对癌症研究中的未来挑战进行了讨论。
