García-Zubia Luis C, Hernández-Velasco Javier, Hernández-Díaz José C, Simental-Rodríguez Sergio L, López-Sánchez Carlos A, Quiñones-Pérez Carmen Z, Carrillo-Parra Artemio, Wehenkel Christian
Instituto de Silvicultura e Industria de la Madera, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, México.
Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems, Mieres Polytechnic School, University of Oviedo, Campus Universitario de Mieres, C/Gonzalo Gutiérrez Quirós S/N, Mieres, Spain.
PeerJ. 2019 Nov 6;7:e8002. doi: 10.7717/peerj.8002. eCollection 2019.
Spatial genetic structure (SGS) analysis is a powerful approach to quantifying gene flow between trees, thus clarifying the functional connectivity of trees at population and landscape scales. The findings of SGS analysis may be useful for conservation and management of natural populations and plantations. is a widely distributed tree species, covering an area of about 2.5 million hectares in Mexico. The aim of this study was to examine five natural seed stands of in the Sierra Madre Occidental to determine the SGS at population (within the seed stand) and landscape (among seed stands) levels in order to establish guidelines for the conservation and management of the species. We hypothesized that , in which the seeds are dispersed by birds and mammals, creates weaker SGS than species with wind-dispersed seeds.
DNA fingerprinting was performed using the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique. In order to estimate the SGS at population and landscape levels, we measured the geographical (spatial) distance as the Euclidean distance. We also estimated the genetic distances between individuals using the pairwise kinship coefficient.
The results showed non-significant autocorrelation in four out of five seed stands studied (i.e., a mainly random distribution in the space of the genetic variants of at population level).
SGS was detected at the landscape scale, supporting the theory of isolation by distance as a consequence of restricted pollen and seed dispersal. However, the SGS may also have been generated by our sampling strategy. We recommended establishing a close network of seed stands of to prevent greater loss of local genetic variants and alteration of SGS. We recommend seed stands of of a minimum width of 225 m.
空间遗传结构（SGS）分析是一种强大的方法，可用于量化树木之间的基因流动，从而阐明树木在种群和景观尺度上的功能连通性。SGS分析的结果可能有助于自然种群和人工林的保护与管理。[物种名称]是一种分布广泛的树种，在墨西哥占地约250万公顷。本研究的目的是检查西马德雷山脉的五个[物种名称]天然母树林，以确定种群（母树林内）和景观（母树林间）水平的SGS，从而制定该物种保护和管理的指导方针。我们假设，[物种名称]的种子由鸟类和哺乳动物传播，其产生的SGS比种子由风传播的物种弱。
使用扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）技术进行DNA指纹分析。为了估计种群和景观水平的SGS，我们将地理（空间）距离测量为欧几里得距离。我们还使用成对亲缘系数估计个体之间的遗传距离。
在所研究的五个母树林中，有四个结果显示无显著自相关性（即，在种群水平上，[物种名称]遗传变异在空间上主要呈随机分布）。
在景观尺度上检测到了SGS，支持了由于花粉和种子传播受限导致距离隔离的理论。然而，SGS也可能是由我们的采样策略产生的。我们建议建立一个紧密的[物种名称]母树林网络，以防止当地遗传变异的更大损失和SGS的改变。我们建议[物种名称]母树林的最小宽度为225米。
