Panti-May Jesús Alonso, Servían Andrea, Ferrari Walter, Zonta María Lorena, Hernández-Mena David I, Hernández-Betancourt Silvia F, Robles María Del Rosario, Machain-Williams Carlos
Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico.
Centro de Estudios Parasitologicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Parasitol Int. 2020 Apr;75:102042. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.102042. Epub 2019 Dec 17.
Hymenolepidid cestodes of synanthropic rodents represent a risk for public health. In order to describe the occurrence of hymenolepidids in children and the role of rodents as a potential source of infection, we conducted a morphological and molecular survey on cestodes in two rural villages from Yucatan, Mexico. One hundred and thirty-five stool samples from children (64 from Paraíso and 71 from Xkalakdzonot), 233 Mus musculus (159 from Paraíso and 74 from Xkalakdzonot) and 125 Rattus rattus (7 from Paraíso and 118 from Xkalakdzonot) were analyzed for the presence of cestodes. Three hymenolepidid species were identified morphologically: Hymenolepis nana in 7.8% of children from Paraíso, Hymenolepis microstoma in 4.4% of M. musculus from Paraíso and Hymenolepis diminuta in 15.3% of R. rattus from Xkalakdzonot. The molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial cytochrome c subunit 1 (CO1) gene and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region, confirmed the identity of the three cestodes isolated from Yucatan. Phylogeny of the CO1 gene identified intraspecific genetic differences within H. nana ranging from 0 to 5%, in H. microstoma from 0 to 0.4%, and in H. diminuta ranged from 0 to 6.5% which suggests, the presence of complex species within H. nana and H. diminuta infecting humans and rodents, as reported by other authors. Based on the morphological and molecular results, and the epidemiological evidence, infections with H. nana suggest a non-zoonotic transmission; however, the presence of H. microstoma and H. diminuta in synanthropic rodents serve as a possible source for human infection.
与人类共生的啮齿动物体内的膜壳绦虫对公众健康构成威胁。为了描述儿童体内膜壳绦虫的感染情况以及啮齿动物作为潜在感染源的作用，我们对墨西哥尤卡坦半岛两个乡村的绦虫进行了形态学和分子学调查。分析了135份儿童粪便样本（其中64份来自帕拉伊索，71份来自什卡拉克佐诺特）、233只小家鼠（159只来自帕拉伊索，74只来自什卡拉克佐诺特）和125只黑家鼠（7只来自帕拉伊索，118只来自什卡拉克佐诺特），以检测绦虫的存在情况。从形态学上鉴定出三种膜壳绦虫：帕拉伊索7.8%的儿童感染微小膜壳绦虫，帕拉伊索4.4%的小家鼠感染微小膜壳绦虫，什卡拉克佐诺特15.3%的黑家鼠感染缩小膜壳绦虫。基于线粒体细胞色素c亚基1（CO1）基因和核糖体内部转录间隔区1（ITS1）区域的分子特征分析和系统发育分析，证实了从尤卡坦半岛分离出的三种绦虫的身份。CO1基因的系统发育分析表明，微小膜壳绦虫种内遗传差异为0%至5%，微小膜壳绦虫为0%至0.4%，缩小膜壳绦虫为0%至6.5%，这表明，正如其他作者所报道的，在感染人类和啮齿动物的微小膜壳绦虫和缩小膜壳绦虫中存在复杂的物种。基于形态学和分子学结果以及流行病学证据，微小膜壳绦虫感染表明其传播不具有人畜共患性；然而，与人类共生的啮齿动物体内存在微小膜壳绦虫和缩小膜壳绦虫可能是人类感染的一个来源。
