Ito Akira, Budke Christine M
Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.
Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis. 2021 Apr 14;1:100023. doi: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100023. eCollection 2021.
Numerous experimental studies have been conducted on the rodent tapeworm, . In contrast, less is known about the life-cycle and immunobiology of the zoonotic dwarf tapeworm, . However, appears to be unique in that; (i) it can complete its entire life-cycle within a single mammalian host, and (ii) cysticercoids that develop in beetle intermediate hosts are tailed, while those that develop in the intestinal tissue of mammals are tailless. This is in contrast to all other spp., which only appear to develop tailed cysticercoids in beetles or experimentally infected immunodeficient rodents. Even though and are phylogenetically much closer to each other than to , when mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) were inoculated with eggs, hatched oncospheres invaded the intestinal tissue and developed into infective tailed cysticercoids in approximately 11 days. Therefore, appears to be truly unique in its ability to develop tailed cysticercoids in beetles and tailless cysticercoids in mammals. These unique evolutionary characteristics are discussed in relation to other cyclophyllidean cestodes, including and spp.
已经对啮齿动物绦虫进行了大量实验研究。相比之下，关于人畜共患的短小绦虫的生命周期和免疫生物学知之甚少。然而，短小绦虫似乎具有独特之处，即：（i）它可以在单一哺乳动物宿主体内完成其整个生命周期；（ii）在甲虫中间宿主体内发育的囊尾蚴有尾，而在哺乳动物肠道组织内发育的囊尾蚴无尾。这与所有其他膜壳绦虫属物种形成对比，其他物种似乎只在甲虫或经实验感染的免疫缺陷啮齿动物体内发育有尾的囊尾蚴。尽管短小绦虫和微小膜壳绦虫在系统发育上比它们与其他物种的关系更为密切，但当用短小绦虫卵接种严重联合免疫缺陷（SCID）小鼠时，孵化出的六钩蚴侵入肠道组织，并在大约11天内发育成有感染性的有尾囊尾蚴。因此，短小绦虫在甲虫体内发育有尾囊尾蚴以及在哺乳动物体内发育无尾囊尾蚴的能力似乎确实是独一无二的。本文将结合其他圆叶目绦虫，包括微小膜壳绦虫属和其他膜壳绦虫属物种，对这些独特的进化特征进行讨论。
