Krishnamurthi Rita V, Barker-Collo Suzanne, Barber Peter Alan, Tippett Lynette J, Dalrymple-Alford John C, Tunnage Bronwyn, Mahon Susan, Parmar Priyakumari G, Moylan Melanie, Feigin Valery L
National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
School of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020 Mar;29(3):104589. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104589. Epub 2019 Dec 23.
Community knowledge and stroke awareness is crucial for primary prevention of stroke and timely access to stroke treatments including acute reperfusion therapies. We conducted a national telephone survey to quantify the level of community stroke awareness.
A random sample of 400 adults in New Zealand (NZ), stratified by the 4 main ethnic groups, was surveyed. Eligible participants answered stroke awareness questions using both unprompted (open-ended) and prompted questions (using a list). Proportional odds logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with stroke awareness.
Only 1.5% of participants named stroke as a major cause of death. The stroke signs and symptoms most frequently identified from a list were sudden speech difficulty (94%) and sudden 1-sided weakness (92%). Without prompting, 78% of participants correctly identified at least 1 risk factor, 62% identified at least 2, and 35% identified 3 or more. When prompted with the list, scores increased 10-fold compared with unprompted responses. Ethnic disparities were observed, with Pacific peoples having the lowest level of awareness among the 4 ethnic groups. Higher education level, higher income, and personal experience of stroke were predictive of greater awareness (P ≤ .05).
Stroke was not recognized as a major cause of death. Although identification of stroke risk factors was high with prompting, awareness was low without prompting, particularly among those with lower education and income. Nationwide, culturally tailored public awareness campaigns are necessary to improve knowledge of stroke risk factors, recognition of stroke in the community and appropriate actions to take in cases of suspected stroke.
社区知识和中风意识对于中风的一级预防以及及时获得包括急性再灌注治疗在内的中风治疗至关重要。我们开展了一项全国性电话调查，以量化社区中风意识水平。
对新西兰（NZ）400名成年人进行随机抽样，按4个主要种族分层。符合条件的参与者通过无提示（开放式）和提示性问题（使用列表）回答中风意识问题。使用比例优势逻辑回归模型来确定与中风意识相关的因素。
只有1.5%的参与者将中风列为主要死因。列表中最常被识别出的中风体征和症状是突然言语困难（94%）和突然单侧无力（92%）。在没有提示的情况下，78%的参与者正确识别出至少1个风险因素，62%识别出至少2个，35%识别出3个或更多。当给出列表提示时，得分比无提示回答提高了10倍。观察到种族差异，太平洋岛民在4个种族群体中的意识水平最低。较高的教育水平、较高的收入和中风个人经历可预测更高的意识水平（P≤0.05）。
中风未被视为主要死因。尽管在有提示的情况下对中风风险因素的识别率较高，但在无提示时意识较低，尤其是在教育程度和收入较低的人群中。在全国范围内，开展针对不同文化的公众意识宣传活动对于提高中风风险因素的知识、在社区中识别中风以及在疑似中风病例中采取适当行动是必要的。
