Prezant D W, Neimeyer R A
University of Rochester.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 1988 Fall;18(3):259-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1943-278x.1988.tb00161.x.
A total of 136 adult subjects who met the Research Diagnostic Criteria for major (unipolar) depression were assessed for intensity of depressive symptomatology (using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Beck Depression Inventory) and for lethality of current suicide ideation (using the Scale for Suicide Ideation). In addition, they were administered a variety of questionnaires assessing cognitive variables presumed to mediate depression and suicidality. Multiple regression analyses indicated that depressive symptomatology was best predicted by Beck's Hopelessness Scale in combination with the Detachment factor of the Crandell Cognitions Inventory. In addition, suicidality was significantly predicted by the Selective Abstraction and Overgeneralization factors of Lefebvre's Cognitive Error Questionnaire, when the effects of the Beck Depression Inventory were partialed out. The practical implications of these findings for discriminating suicidal from nonsuicidal depressives are discussed.
共有136名符合重度（单相）抑郁症研究诊断标准的成年受试者接受了抑郁症状强度评估（使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表和贝克抑郁量表）以及当前自杀意念的致死性评估（使用自杀意念量表）。此外，他们还接受了各种问卷调查，以评估假定为介导抑郁和自杀行为的认知变量。多元回归分析表明，贝克绝望量表与克兰德尔认知量表的超脱因子相结合，能最好地预测抑郁症状。此外，在排除贝克抑郁量表的影响后，勒费布尔认知错误问卷的选择性抽象和过度概括因子能显著预测自杀行为。讨论了这些发现对于区分自杀性抑郁和非自杀性抑郁的实际意义。
