老年人抑郁症状、消极认知偏差与记忆主诉之间的联系。
The link between depressive symptoms, negative cognitive bias and memory complaints in older adults.
作者信息
Crane M K, Bogner H R, Brown G K, Gallo J J
机构信息
Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
出版信息
Aging Ment Health. 2007 Nov;11(6):708-15. doi: 10.1080/13607860701368497.
OBJECTIVES
We sought to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and subjective memory problems. We hypothesized that the relationship between depressive symptoms and poor subjective memory functioning is mediated by negative cognitive bias that is associated with hopelessness, a wish to die and low self-esteem.
METHODS
Complete data were available for 299 older adults with and without significant depressive symptoms who were screened in primary care offices and invited to participate, completed a baseline in-home assessment. Subjective memory functioning and psychological status was assessed with commonly used, validated standard questionnaires.
RESULTS
In regression models that included terms for age, gender and cognitive measures, depressive symptoms were significantly inversely associated with the global self-assessment of memory (beta=-0.019; p=0.006). When components of negative cognitive bias were included in the model (hopelessness, low self-esteem, a wish to die), the relationship of depressive symptoms with subjective memory problems was attenuated, consistent with mediation.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that assessment and successful interventions for memory complaints in non-demented older adults need to account for negative cognitive bias as well as depressive symptoms. Longitudinal research is needed to confirm our findings before a mediator relationship can be presumed.
目的
我们试图研究抑郁症状与主观记忆问题之间的关系。我们假设抑郁症状与主观记忆功能不佳之间的关系是由与绝望、想死和低自尊相关的消极认知偏差所介导的。
方法
共有299名在初级保健办公室接受筛查并被邀请参与的有或无明显抑郁症状的老年人获得了完整数据，他们完成了一次基线居家评估。使用常用的、经过验证的标准问卷对主观记忆功能和心理状态进行评估。
结果
在包含年龄、性别和认知测量项的回归模型中，抑郁症状与记忆的整体自我评估显著负相关（β=-0.019；p=0.006）。当模型中纳入消极认知偏差的组成部分（绝望、低自尊、想死）时，抑郁症状与主观记忆问题之间的关系减弱，符合中介效应。
结论
我们的结果表明，对非痴呆老年人记忆主诉的评估和成功干预需要考虑消极认知偏差以及抑郁症状。在假定存在中介关系之前，需要进行纵向研究以证实我们的发现。
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