Romo Matthew L, McVeigh Katharine H, Jordan Phoebe, Stingone Jeanette A, Chan Pui Ying, Askew George L
Division of Family and Child Health, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, 11101, USA.
Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2020 Nov 23;42(4):e401-e411. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdz179.
Early intervention (EI) and special education (SE) are beneficial for children with developmental disabilities and/or delays and their families, yet there are disparities in service use. We sought to identify the birth characteristics that predict EI/SE service use patterns.
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked administrative data from five sources for all children born in 1998 to New York City resident mothers. Multinomial regression was used to identify birth characteristics that predicted predominant patterns of service use.
Children with service use patterns characterized by late or limited/no EI use were more likely to be first-born children and have Black or Latina mothers. Children born with a gestational age ≤31 weeks were more likely to enter services early. Early term gestational age was associated with patterns of service use common to children with pervasive developmental delay, and maternal obesity was associated with the initiation of speech therapy at the time of entry into school.
Maternal racial disparities existed for patterns of EI/SE service use. Specific birth characteristics, such as parity and gestational age, may be useful to better identify children who are at risk for suboptimal EI use.
早期干预（EI）和特殊教育（SE）对发育障碍和/或发育迟缓儿童及其家庭有益，但在服务使用方面存在差异。我们试图确定预测EI/SE服务使用模式的出生特征。
我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究，使用来自五个来源的关联行政数据，这些数据涉及1998年出生于纽约市常住母亲的所有儿童。多项回归用于确定预测主要服务使用模式的出生特征。
服务使用模式以EI使用较晚或有限/未使用为特征的儿童更有可能是头胎，其母亲为黑人或拉丁裔。孕周≤31周出生的儿童更有可能较早进入服务。足月早期与广泛性发育障碍儿童常见的服务使用模式相关，母亲肥胖与入学时开始言语治疗相关。
EI/SE服务使用模式存在母亲种族差异。特定的出生特征，如产次和孕周，可能有助于更好地识别EI使用不理想风险较高的儿童。
