The Center for Health Design, Concord, CA, USA.
HERD. 2020 Jan;13(1):11-23. doi: 10.1177/1937586719887709.
This overview is intended to provide the process framework for built environment researchers to use the Delphi method. The article outlines the methodological criteria originally established for the Delphi method, as well as commonly accepted modifications, to advance guidance for evidence-based built environment considerations.
Increasingly used in healthcare research, the Delphi method is a process for gaining consensus through controlled feedback from a panel-a group made up of experts or individuals knowledgeable on the subject. The method is often used where there is limited or conflicting evidence, where participants may be geographically dispersed, and where anonymity is desired to control for dominant individuals. The Delphi method consists of panel selection, development of content surveys, and iterative stages of anonymous responses to gain consensus. Panelists receive feedback after each round in the form of a statistical representation of the overall group's response. The goal of multiple iterations in the Delphi method is to reduce the range of responses and gain expert consensus, which is often seen as more credible than conjecture or individual opinion.
With a geographic diversity of healthcare design expertise, and with so many aspects of healthcare design lacking a robust body of supporting empirical research, the Delphi method is well-suited to developing evidence-based design recommendations and considerations for healthcare built environments.
本文概述了用于构建环境研究人员使用 Delphi 法的流程框架。概述了最初为 Delphi 法确立的方法标准，以及为推进基于证据的构建环境考虑因素而普遍接受的修改，以提供指导。
Delphi 法越来越多地用于医疗保健研究，是一种通过专家小组（由对主题有知识的专家或个人组成）的受控反馈来达成共识的过程。该方法常用于证据有限或存在冲突、参与者可能分布在不同地区以及希望匿名以控制主导个体的情况。Delphi 法包括小组选择、内容调查的制定以及匿名响应的迭代阶段，以达成共识。小组成员在每一轮后都会收到反馈，以总体组响应的统计表示形式呈现。Delphi 法的多个迭代的目标是缩小响应范围并达成专家共识，这通常被认为比猜测或个人意见更可信。
由于医疗保健设计专业知识的地理多样性，以及许多医疗保健设计方面缺乏强有力的支持实证研究的依据，因此 Delphi 法非常适合制定基于证据的医疗保健建筑环境设计建议和考虑因素。
