Tressler Stacy, Bhandari Ruchi
Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019 Dec 6;6(12):ofz521. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofz521. eCollection 2019 Dec.
Increases in opioid misuse and injection drug use have resulted in a rise in acute cases of hepatitis B. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized studies to determine the effect (pooled odds ratio) of interventions to increase hepatitis B vaccination completion in people who inject drugs (PWID). Odds ratios from the included studies were combined to create a pooled odds ratio (OR) using the Inverse Heterogeneity Model. Eleven studies met the eligibility criterion of having a randomized intervention to increase hepatitis B virus vaccination completion among PWID. The odds of vaccine completion in the intervention group were greater than in the control/comparison group (pooled OR, 2.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-5.99). Subgroup analysis indicated that financial incentives were most effective (OR, 7.01; 95% CI, 2.88-17.06), followed by accelerated vaccine schedules (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.14-3.14). Interventions using financial incentives and accelerated vaccine schedules are moderately effective at increasing hepatitis B vaccination completion in PWID.
阿片类药物滥用和注射吸毒现象的增加导致了乙型肝炎急性病例的上升。我们对随机研究进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以确定干预措施对提高注射吸毒者（PWID）乙型肝炎疫苗接种完成率的效果（合并比值比）。使用逆异质性模型将纳入研究的比值比合并，以创建合并比值比（OR）。11项研究符合在PWID中进行随机干预以提高乙型肝炎病毒疫苗接种完成率的纳入标准。干预组疫苗接种完成的几率高于对照组/比较组（合并OR，2.53；95%置信区间[CI]，1.07 - 5.99）。亚组分析表明，经济激励最为有效（OR，7.01；95%CI，2.88 - 17.06），其次是加速疫苗接种计划（OR，1.90；95%CI，1.14 - 3.14）。使用经济激励和加速疫苗接种计划的干预措施在提高PWID乙型肝炎疫苗接种完成率方面具有中等效果。
