State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
Cells. 2019 Dec 27;9(1):70. doi: 10.3390/cells9010070.
Autophagy is a conserved bulk degradation and recycling process that plays important roles in multiple biological functions, including inflammatory responses. As an important component of the innate immune system, macrophages are involved in defending cells from invading pathogens, clearing cellular debris, and regulating inflammatory responses. During the past two decades, accumulated evidence has revealed the intrinsic connection between autophagy and macrophage function. This review focuses on the role of autophagy, both as nonselective and selective forms, in the regulation of the inflammatory and phagocytotic functions of macrophages. Specifically, the roles of autophagy in pattern recognition, cytokine release, inflammasome activation, macrophage polarization, LC3-associated phagocytosis, and xenophagy are comprehensively reviewed. The roles of autophagy receptors in the macrophage function regulation are also summarized. Finally, the obstacles and remaining questions regarding the molecular regulation mechanisms, disease association, and therapeutic applications are discussed.
自噬是一种保守的批量降解和回收过程，在多种生物学功能中发挥重要作用，包括炎症反应。巨噬细胞作为先天免疫系统的重要组成部分，参与抵御细胞入侵的病原体、清除细胞碎片和调节炎症反应。在过去的二十年中，越来越多的证据揭示了自噬与巨噬细胞功能之间的内在联系。本综述重点关注自噬（包括非选择性和选择性形式）在调节巨噬细胞炎症和吞噬功能中的作用。具体而言，综述了自噬在模式识别、细胞因子释放、炎症小体激活、巨噬细胞极化、LC3 相关吞噬作用和异源吞噬作用中的作用。还总结了自噬受体在调节巨噬细胞功能中的作用。最后，讨论了分子调控机制、疾病关联和治疗应用方面的障碍和遗留问题。
