School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia.
The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
J Glob Health. 2019 Dec;9(2):020431. doi: 10.7189/jogh.09.020431.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of viral pneumonia and bronchiolitis, especially in younger children. The burden of RSV infection in adults, particularly in the older age group, is increasingly recognised. However, RSV disease burden and molecular epidemiology in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region (WPR) has not been reviewed systematically. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the epidemiological aspects of RSV (incidence, prevalence, seasonality and hospitalisation status) and the associated molecular data in the WPRO countries.
A systematic search was conducted in international literature databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science) to identify RSV-related publications from January 2000 to October 2017 in the WPR countries.
A total of 196 studies from 15 WPR countries were included. The positivity rate for RSV among respiratory tract infection patients was 16.73% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 15.12%-18.4%). The RSV-positive cases were mostly found in hospitalised compared with outpatients (18.28% vs 11.54%, < 0.001), and children compared with adults (20.72% vs 1.87%, < 0.001). The seasonality of RSV in the WPR countries follows the latitude, with the peak of RSV season occurring in the winter in temperate countries, and during the rainy season in tropical countries. The molecular epidemiology pattern of RSV in WPR countries was similar to the global pattern, with NA1 (RSV A) and BA (RSV B) being the predominant genotypes.
The available data on RSV are limited in several countries within the WPR, with most data focusing on children and hospitalised patients. Further studies and surveillance, incorporating laboratory testing, are needed to determine the burden of RSV infection in the WPR countries.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是病毒性肺炎和细支气管炎的主要病因，尤其是在幼儿中。成人中 RSV 感染的负担越来越受到重视，特别是在老年人群中。然而，世界卫生组织（WHO）西太平洋地区（WPR）尚未对 RSV 疾病负担和分子流行病学进行系统审查。本系统评价的目的是调查 WPRO 国家 RSV 的流行病学方面（发病率、患病率、季节性和住院状况）以及相关的分子数据。
在国际文献数据库（MEDLINE、EMBASE、Scopus 和 Web of Science）中进行了系统检索，以确定 2000 年 1 月至 2017 年 10 月期间 WPR 国家的 RSV 相关出版物。
共纳入来自 15 个 WPR 国家的 196 项研究。呼吸道感染患者中 RSV 的阳性率为 16.73%（95%置信区间（CI）=15.12%-18.4%）。与门诊患者相比，住院患者 RSV 阳性病例居多（18.28% vs 11.54%，<0.001），与成人相比，儿童居多（20.72% vs 1.87%，<0.001）。WPR 国家的 RSV 季节性遵循纬度，温带国家的 RSV 季节高峰出现在冬季，热带国家出现在雨季。WPR 国家 RSV 的分子流行病学模式与全球模式相似，NA1（RSV A）和 BA（RSV B）是主要基因型。
WPR 中的几个国家缺乏关于 RSV 的现有数据，大多数数据集中在儿童和住院患者上。需要进一步开展研究和监测，包括实验室检测，以确定 WPR 国家 RSV 感染的负担。
