School of Economics and Management, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Shiyan Taihe hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
J Glob Health. 2019 Dec;9(2):020604. doi: 10.7189/jogh.09.020604.
Health and education are two closely related factors that affect human development. A limited number of studies have been conducted in China, most of which have been based on small sample sizes and with inconsistent results. The study investigates the association between mortality rate and educational level in China based on the sixth national population census in 2010.
This is large-scale population study based on the nationally administrated data sets of population census in 2010, 2000 and 1990. The 2010 census covered a total population of 1 332 810,869 in China.
In general, standardized mortality rate decreased as educational level increased. The standardized mortality rate is higher among males than among females with equivalent educational levels. The standardized mortality rate in all the educational groups declined to varying degrees from 1990. 2000 to 2010. The standardised mortality rate declined with increasing educational levels from no education to university undergraduate groups in 1990, 2000 and 2010. The standardized mortality rate declined as the degree of education increased in cities, towns, and villages, but gradually increased at the same educational level from cities, towns, to villages in general. The difference in each region is considerable and the population quality of the developed area is generally high. The percentage of the uneducated population to the total population aged 15 years and over (%) was positively correlated with the standardized mortality rate. By contrast, the percentage of the population with a high school education to the total population aged 6 years and over (%) was negatively correlated with the standardized mortality rate.
We found that educational level was negatively correlated with the mortality rate. The crude and standardized death rate is lower among individuals with higher educational level. Together with previous research findings, this study indicates that improving total population education attainment remains an important challenge that requires imperative action, while reducing educational inequities remains crucial for the government.
健康和教育是两个密切相关的因素，影响着人类的发展。中国开展的相关研究数量有限，且大多数研究的样本量较小，结果也不一致。本研究基于 2010 年第六次全国人口普查数据，探讨了中国的死亡率与教育水平之间的关系。
本研究基于 2010 年、2000 年和 1990 年全国人口普查的国家管理数据集进行了大规模的人口研究。2010 年的人口普查涵盖了中国 1332810869 人的总人口。
总体而言，标准化死亡率随着教育水平的提高而降低。在同等教育水平下，男性的标准化死亡率高于女性。从 1990 年到 2010 年，所有教育组的标准化死亡率都有所下降。1990 年、2000 年和 2010 年，从无教育到大学本科教育组，标准化死亡率随着教育水平的提高而下降。在城市、城镇和农村，随着教育程度的提高，标准化死亡率呈下降趋势，但在一般情况下，从城市、城镇到农村，同一教育水平的标准化死亡率逐渐上升。各地区差异较大，发达地区人口素质普遍较高。15 岁及以上人口中未受教育人口比例（%）与标准化死亡率呈正相关，而 6 岁及以上人口中受过高中教育人口比例（%）与标准化死亡率呈负相关。
我们发现教育水平与死亡率呈负相关。受教育程度较高的个体的粗死亡率和标准化死亡率较低。结合以往的研究结果，本研究表明，提高全民受教育程度仍然是一个重要的挑战，需要采取紧急行动，而减少教育不平等仍然是政府的关键。
