Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Oct;27(30):37229-37236. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-07168-6. Epub 2019 Dec 31.
The emission of particulate matter from ships does great harm to human health and atmospheric environment. Sulfur emission regulations also affect particulate matter emissions due to fuel change. Particulate matter (PM) emitted from low-speed, two-stroke, large-power diesel engine were studied in test-bed experiments. Experiments were conducted at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% load with heavy fuel oil (HFO, 3.36%m/m S) and a lighter marine diesel oil (MDO, 0.1%m/m S). The experiments revealed that using MDO could decrease the mass emission factors (EFs) of PM compared to HFO due to the fuel quality and content; however, there was no obvious difference for the number EFs of PM. The main particle when using HFO consists sulfates and bound water, and the hydrate sulfur increased with the increased engine loads. Then, another 21% is organic carbon (OC). Emission factors for inorganic elements were also studied in particles from combustion of HFO and MDO. The EFs of OC and elemental carbon (EC) were affected by engine loads, fuel type, fuel sulfur content (FSC), and combustion conditions. The size distribution of OC was similar to EC, and there were two clearly peaks for every particulate matter sample. The key effect factor for EFs of PM with marine fossil fuels was FSC.
船舶排放的颗粒物对人类健康和大气环境造成极大危害。由于燃料的改变，硫排放法规也会影响颗粒物的排放。在试验台上对低速、二冲程、大功率柴油机排放的颗粒物进行了研究。在 25%、50%、75%和 100%负荷下进行了重燃料油（HFO，3.36%m/m S）和更轻的船用柴油（MDO，0.1%m/m S）的实验。实验表明，由于燃料质量和含量的原因，与 HFO 相比，使用 MDO 可以降低 PM 的质量排放因子（EF），但 PM 的数量 EF 没有明显差异。使用 HFO 时，主要颗粒由硫酸盐和结合水组成，水合硫随着发动机负荷的增加而增加。然后，另外 21%是有机碳（OC）。还研究了燃烧 HFO 和 MDO 时颗粒物中无机元素的排放因子。OC 和元素碳（EC）的 EF 受发动机负荷、燃料类型、燃料硫含量（FSC）和燃烧条件的影响。OC 的粒径分布与 EC 相似，每个颗粒物样品都有两个明显的峰值。海洋化石燃料中 PM 的 EF 的关键影响因素是 FSC。
