Joint Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Department Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Joint Mass Spectrometry Center (JMSC) at Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 27, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Faculty for Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85577, Neubiberg, Germany.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Jan 1;316(Pt 1):120526. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120526. Epub 2022 Oct 28.
The emissions of marine diesel engines have gained both global and regional attentions because of their impact on human health and climate change. To reduce ship emissions, the International Maritime Organization capped the fuel sulfur content of marine fuels. Consequently, either low-sulfur fuels or additional exhaust gas cleaning devices for the reduction in sulfur dioxide (SO) emissions became mandatory. Although a wet scrubber reduces the amount of SO significantly, there is still a need to consider the reduction in particle emissions directly. We present data on the particle removal efficiency of a scrubber regarding particle number and mass concentration with different marine fuel types, marine gas oil, and two heavy fuel oils (HFOs). An open-loop sulfur scrubber was installed in the exhaust line of a marine diesel test engine. Fine particulate matter was comprehensively characterized in terms of its physical and chemical properties. The wet scrubber led up to a 40% reduction in particle number, whereas a reduction in particle mass emissions was not generally determined. We observed a shift in the size distribution by the scrubber to larger particle diameters when the engine was operated on conventional HFOs. The reduction in particle number concentrations and shift in particle size were caused by the coagulation of soot particles and formation/growing of sulfur-containing particles. Combining the scrubber with a wet electrostatic precipitator as an additional abatement system showed a reduction in particle number and mass emission factors by >98%. Therefore, the application of a wet scrubber for the after-treatment of marine fuel oil combustion will reduce SO emissions, but it does not substantially affect the number and mass concentration of respirable particulate matters. To reduce particle emission, the scrubber should be combined with additional abatement systems.
由于对人类健康和气候变化的影响，船用柴油机的排放已引起全球和区域的关注。为了减少船舶排放，国际海事组织限制了船用燃料的含硫量。因此，无论是使用低硫燃料还是增加废气清洁装置来减少二氧化硫（SO）排放，都已成为强制性要求。尽管湿式洗涤器可大大减少 SO 的排放量，但仍需要直接考虑减少颗粒物的排放。我们提供了有关不同船用燃料类型、船用瓦斯油和两种重燃料油（HFO）的洗涤器对颗粒物数量和质量浓度的颗粒物去除效率的数据。在船用柴油测试发动机的排气线上安装了开环式硫磺洗涤器。对细颗粒物进行了全面的物理和化学性质分析。湿式洗涤器可将颗粒物数量减少 40％，但通常无法确定颗粒物质量排放量的减少。当发动机使用传统 HFO 运行时，洗涤器会导致粒径分布向较大粒径转移。颗粒物数量浓度的降低和粒径的变化是由于烟尘颗粒的凝聚和含硫颗粒的形成/增长所致。将洗涤器与湿式静电除尘器结合作为附加减排系统使用，可使颗粒物数量和质量排放因子降低>98％。因此，在船用燃油燃烧的后处理中应用湿式洗涤器将减少 SO 的排放，但对可吸入颗粒物的数量和质量浓度的影响不大。为了减少颗粒物排放，洗涤器应与其他减排系统结合使用。
