Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NEWCAT Research Institute, Koriyama, Japan.
Department of Computer Science, Nihon University, Koriyama, Japan.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1232:91-97. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-34461-0_13.
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) plays an important role in dementia in elderly people, and refers to the contribution of vascular pathology to the entire spectrum of cognitive disorders, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to severe dementia, as well as the pathological spectrum, from 'pure' Alzheimer disease through degrees of vascular comorbidity to 'pure' vascular dementia. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and systemic metabolic disorders, by employing deep learning (DL). We studied 202 patients (73.4 ± 13.0 years), 94.6% of whom were undergoing treatment for lifestyle diseases, and 68.8% of whom had a history of cerebrovascular disorder. We evaluated cognitive dysfunction by performing a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). We performed general blood examination, including Complete Blood Count and Basic Metabolic Panel, and measured cerebral blood oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) using time-resolved near infrared spectroscopy (TNIRS). We then used deep neural networks to assess the MMSE scores of the subjects based on the TNIRS parameters and the blood examination data, independently. Next, we compared predicted MMSE scores based on the TNIRS and the blood examination. There was a significant positive correlation between the TNIRS parameters and the blood examination data (r = 0.6, p < 0.01). These observations suggest that cognitive dysfunction in patients with VCI may be caused by combinations of systemic metabolic disorders such as energy and oxygen metabolisms and cerebral circulatory disturbance due to arteriosclerosis resulting from lifestyle-related diseases.
血管性认知障碍（VCI）在老年人痴呆中起着重要作用，它是指血管病理学对认知障碍整个谱的贡献，从轻度认知障碍到严重痴呆，以及病理谱，从“纯”阿尔茨海默病到血管共病的程度到“纯”血管性痴呆。在本研究中，我们通过深度学习（DL）研究了认知功能障碍与全身代谢紊乱之间的关系。我们研究了 202 名患者（73.4±13.0 岁），其中 94.6%正在接受生活方式疾病治疗，68.8%有脑血管疾病史。我们通过进行简易精神状态检查（MMSE）评估认知功能障碍。我们进行了一般血液检查，包括全血细胞计数和基本代谢小组检查，并使用时间分辨近红外光谱（TNIRS）测量前额叶皮质（PFC）的脑血氧。然后，我们使用深度神经网络根据 TNIRS 参数和血液检查数据独立评估受试者的 MMSE 评分。接下来，我们比较了基于 TNIRS 和血液检查的预测 MMSE 评分。TNIRS 参数与血液检查数据之间存在显著正相关（r=0.6，p<0.01）。这些观察结果表明，VCI 患者的认知功能障碍可能是由生活方式相关疾病引起的动脉硬化导致的能量和氧气代谢以及脑循环障碍等全身代谢紊乱的组合引起的。
