Department of Health Administration, College of Health and Human Services, Governors State University, University Park, IL.
College of Health and Human Services, School of Social Work, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2020 Mar;64(3):185-196. doi: 10.1111/jir.12708. Epub 2020 Jan 1.
Few studies exist on mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions and service use among youth with intellectual disabilities (IDs), which makes it difficult to develop interventions for this population. The objective of the study is to (1) estimate and compare the prevalence of mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions in youth with and without ID across three developmental stages and (2) estimate and compare mental health service use in youth with and without ID across three developmental stages.
We conducted secondary data analysis using cross-sectional data collected from caregivers completing the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children's Health. The data set represents a nationally representative sample of youth (0-17 years) in the USA with one child from each household being randomly selected. Data were collected from caregivers in 50 states, Washington D.C. and the US Virgin Islands. We restricted the sample to parents of youth between 3-17 years (N = 81 510).
Compared with youth without ID, youth ages 3-17 with ID had a statistically significantly higher prevalence of (1) mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions and (2) mental health care use and medication use for mental health and neurodevelopmental issues (other than attention deficit disorder/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Clinically significant differences in coexisting conditions and service use were also found across developmental stages.
Youth with ID are at greater risk of having coexisting mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions than youth without ID and are more likely to receive treatment. Therefore, clinicians should consider mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions and the unique needs of youth by developmental stage when tailoring interventions for youth with ID.
目前针对智障青年的心理健康和神经发育状况以及服务使用情况的研究较少，这使得为该人群制定干预措施变得困难。本研究的目的是：（1）评估和比较在三个发展阶段智障和非智障青年的心理健康和神经发育状况的流行率；（2）评估和比较在三个发展阶段智障和非智障青年的心理健康服务使用情况。
我们使用 2011-2012 年全国儿童健康调查收集的横断面数据进行二次数据分析。该数据集代表了美国全国范围内 0-17 岁儿童的代表性样本，每个家庭随机选择一个孩子。数据由全美 50 个州、华盛顿特区和美属维尔京群岛的照顾者收集。我们将样本限制为 3-17 岁的青年父母（N=81510）。
与非智障青年相比，3-17 岁智障青年的心理健康和神经发育状况（1）以及心理健康和神经发育问题（除注意力缺陷障碍/注意缺陷多动障碍外）的精神保健使用和药物使用的流行率存在统计学显著差异。在不同的发展阶段还发现共存疾病和服务使用方面存在临床显著差异。
智障青年比非智障青年更有可能同时存在心理健康和神经发育状况，并且更有可能接受治疗。因此，当为智障青年制定干预措施时，临床医生应考虑到精神健康和神经发育状况以及青年按发育阶段的独特需求。
