Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Ningbo University, School of Marine Science, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China; Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Apr;259:113802. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113802. Epub 2019 Dec 13.
The spatial and temporal distribution, congener profiles and ecological risk of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were investigated in the seawater and sediment samples from the East China Sea in spring and autumn. The average concentrations of ΣPAEs in water samples were 3.16 ± 2.16 μg L in autumn and 1.63 ± 1.20 μg L in spring. The ΣPAEs in sediment was much higher than that in seawater, with an average value of 7.36 ± 6.70 mg kg (dw). PAEs levels in the sea-surface microlayer (SML) in spring were 3.61 ± 3.36 μg L, indicating that the PAEs were noticeably concentrated in the SML, with an average enrichment factor of 2.10. Among the 16 PAE congeners, di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the preponderant PAEs in both sediment and seawater samples. Additionally, PAE concentrations in autumn were higher than those in spring, and this difference resulted mainly from the terrigenous input and marine transportation. The horizontal distributions of PAEs showed an opposite distribution pattern to salinity and temperature, a pattern which might be influenced by the inputs of fresh water. The vertical distributions of ΣPAEs were characterized by high concentrations in the surface waters, with a slight decrease with depth, and then an increase close to the seabed. The results of ecological risk in the water-phase showed that the level of potential risk followed the order of DEHP > DiBP and DnBP > DMP and DEP, which posed a high (DEHP), medium (DiBP and DnBP) and low (DMP and DEP) risk to the sensitive organisms, respectively. For the sediment-phase, DiBP and DnBP represented a high risk to the sensitive organisms, whereas DMP, DEP and DEHP had only a low risk.
本研究于春、秋两季调查了东海海水和沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的时空分布、同系物分布特征和生态风险。秋季水样中ΣPAEs 的平均浓度为 3.16±2.16μg/L，春季为 1.63±1.20μg/L。ΣPAEs 在沉积物中的含量远高于在海水中的含量，平均值为 7.36±6.70mg/kg（干重）。春季海表微层（SML）中 PAEs 的浓度为 3.61±3.36μg/L，表明 PAEs 明显富集在 SML 中，平均富集因子为 2.10。在所研究的 16 种 PAE 同系物中，二正丁基邻苯二甲酸酯（DnBP）、二异丁基邻苯二甲酸酯（DiBP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）是沉积物和海水样品中的主要 PAEs。此外，秋季的 PAE 浓度高于春季，这种差异主要是由于陆源输入和海洋运输造成的。PAE 的水平分布与盐度和温度呈相反的分布模式，这种模式可能受到淡水输入的影响。ΣPAEs 的垂直分布特征是表层水中浓度较高，随深度略有下降，然后在靠近海底处增加。水相生态风险的结果表明，潜在风险水平的顺序为 DEHP>D iBP 和 DnBP>DMP 和 DEP，这对敏感生物分别构成高（DEHP）、中（DiBP 和 DnBP）和低（DMP 和 DEP）风险。对于沉积物相，DiBP 和 DnBP 对敏感生物具有高风险，而 DMP、DEP 和 DEHP 仅具有低风险。
