State Key Laboratory of Marine Environment Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environment Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Feb 15;580:388-397. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.190. Epub 2016 Dec 21.
The occurrence and spatial distribution of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the Jiulong River of southeast China were investigated in water and sediment samples collected from 35 stations along the river in Mar. 2014. The historical trend of the past 26years was reconstructed with a sediment core collected in Dec. 2012 via a Pb dating technique. The potential ecological risk of PAEs was assessed using the risk quotient (RQ) method. Of the 16 PAE congeners analyzed, only 6 PAEs, including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and diisononyl phthalate (DINP), were identified and quantified; the remaining 10 PAEs were below their respective limits of quantification (LOQs) for the analytical methods used here. The cumulative concentration of 6 PAEs (∑PAEs) found in the samples spanned a range of 3.48-17.7μg/L in water and 0.046-1.65mg/kg in sediment. The most abundant PAEs in the water-phase were DEHP and DIBP, together accounting for 84.9% of ∑PAEs in the North River, 82.8% of ∑PAEs in the West River and 91.6% of ∑PAEs in the estuary. DEHP and DINP were the richest congeners in the sediment-phase, with proportions of 84.9% in the North River, 81.0% in the West River and 65.4% in the estuary. The spatial distribution of ∑PAEs in water and sediment phases showed that the riverside environment had influence on the distribution pattern. The reconstruction profile of the PAE congeners and the ∑PAEs vs the depth of the sediment core indicated that PAEs became increasingly present pollutants around 2006 in the Jiulong River. The results of the potential ecological risk assessment of the RQ method revealed that DIBP and DEHP posed a high risk because of their relatively higher concentrations, while DBP and DINP posed a medium risk to the aquatic system. The baseline data of PAEs in this river will be benefits to the regulatory attention and future strategies of the pollutants control along the river network.
本研究于 2014 年 3 月在九龙江采集了 35 个站位的水和沉积物样品，调查了邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）在水中和沉积物中的分布。利用 Pb 年代测定技术，从 2012 年 12 月采集的沉积物核心中重建了过去 26 年的历史趋势。采用风险商（RQ）法评估了 PAEs 的潜在生态风险。在所分析的 16 种 PAE 同系物中，仅鉴定和定量了 6 种 PAE，包括邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DIBP）、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯（DBP）、邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）和邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯（DINP）；其余 10 种 PAE 的浓度均低于所用分析方法的各自定量限（LOQs）。样品中 6 种 PAE 的累积浓度（∑PAEs）在水中的范围为 3.48-17.7μg/L，在沉积物中的范围为 0.046-1.65mg/kg。在水相中，最丰富的 PAEs 是 DEHP 和 DIBP，它们分别占北江∑PAEs 的 84.9%、西江∑PAEs 的 82.8%和河口∑PAEs 的 91.6%。在沉积物相中，DEHP 和 DINP 是最丰富的同系物，分别占北江的 84.9%、西江的 81.0%和河口的 65.4%。∑PAEs 在水相和沉积物相中的空间分布表明，河滨环境对分布格局有影响。PAE 同系物和∑PAEs 与沉积物芯深度的重建剖面表明，2006 年左右，九龙江的 PAEs 成为越来越多的污染物。RQ 法潜在生态风险评估的结果表明，由于 DIBP 和 DEHP 的浓度相对较高，它们对水生系统构成高风险，而 DBP 和 DINP 对水生系统构成中等风险。本研究为该河流的监管关注和未来沿河流网络的污染物控制策略提供了 PAEs 的基线数据。
