Shappell K K, Derksen F J, Stick J A, Robinson N E
Pulmonary Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
Am J Vet Res. 1988 Oct;49(10):1760-5.
Effects of ventriculectomy and prosthetic laryngoplasty on upper airway flow mechanics and blood gas tensions in exercising horses with induced left laryngeal hemiplegia were assessed. Five adult horses were trained to stand, trot (4.5 m/s), and gallop (7.2 m/s) on a treadmill (6.38 degrees incline). Inspiratory and expiratory airflows (VImax, VEmax, respectively) were measured using a 15.2-cm diameter pneumotachograph in a face mask. Inspiratory and expiratory transupper airway pressures (PuI, PuE, respectively) were determined as pressure differences between barometric pressure and lateral tracheal pressure. Blood collected from exteriorized carotid arteries was analyzed for PaO2, PaCO2, pH, hemoglobin (Hb) content, and HCO3- values. Heart rate (HR) was determined with an HR monitor. Measurements were made with horses standing, trotting, and galloping before left recurrent laryngeal neurectomy (LRLN; base line), 14 days after LRLN, 30 days after ventriculectomy (44 days after LRLN), and 14 days after prosthetic laryngoplasty (58 days after LRLN). Before LRLN (base line), increasing treadmill speed for horses from standing to the trot and gallop progressively increased HR, respiratory frequency, VImax, VEmax, PuI, PuE, Hb, and PaCO2 values and decreased PaO2, pH, and HCO3- values; inspiratory and expiratory impedances were unchanged. After LRLN, inspiratory impedance and PuI were significantly (P less than 0.05) increased in horses at the trot and gallop, and PaCO2 was significantly increased in horses at the gallop. The VImax and respiratory frequency were significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased in horses at the gallop. Left recurrent laryngeal neurectomy had no effect on PuE, VEmax, HR, PaO2, pH, Hb, or expiratory impedance values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
评估了脑室切除术和人工喉成形术对诱发左侧喉偏瘫的运动马匹上呼吸道气流力学和血气张力的影响。五匹成年马被训练在跑步机（6.38度倾斜）上站立、小跑（4.5米/秒）和疾驰（7.2米/秒）。使用面罩中的直径15.2厘米的呼吸速度描记器测量吸气和呼气气流（分别为VImax、VEmax）。吸气和呼气经上呼吸道压力（分别为PuI、PuE）被确定为大气压力与气管侧压力之间的压力差。分析从颈外动脉采集的血液中的PaO2、PaCO2、pH、血红蛋白（Hb）含量和HCO3-值。用心率监测器测定心率（HR）。在左侧喉返神经切除术（LRLN；基线）前、LRLN后14天、脑室切除术后30天（LRLN后44天）和人工喉成形术后14天（LRLN后58天）对站立、小跑和疾驰的马匹进行测量。在LRLN前（基线），随着跑步机速度从站立增加到小跑和疾驰，马匹的HR、呼吸频率、VImax、VEmax、PuI、PuE、Hb和PaCO2值逐渐增加，而PaO2、pH和HCO3-值降低；吸气和呼气阻抗不变。LRLN后，小跑和疾驰的马匹吸气阻抗和PuI显著（P<0.05）增加，疾驰的马匹PaCO2显著增加。疾驰的马匹VImax和呼吸频率显著（P<0.05）降低。左侧喉返神经切除术对PuE、VEmax、HR、PaO2、pH、Hb或呼气阻抗值没有影响。（摘要截短于250字）
