Fordham University, The Bronx, NY, USA.
J Appl Gerontol. 2021 Jan;40(1):28-37. doi: 10.1177/0733464819897526. Epub 2020 Jan 10.
Experiencing ageism has been shown to negatively impact older adults. This study investigated predictors of ageism to examine which are most important in accounting for ageist attitudes. Participants ( = 419) between the ages of 18 and 86 completed an online survey assessing ageism and several predictors of ageism. Higher levels of anxiety about aging, lower levels of knowledge of aging, and less frequent and lower quality of contact with older adults uniquely predicted ageism beyond the influence of demographic and well-being factors. Anxiety about aging fully mediated the relationship between death anxiety and ageism, and the relationship between attitudes toward own aging and ageism. Moderation analyses showed that knowledge of aging buffered the impact of anxiety about aging on ageism such that low knowledge of aging and high anxiety about aging were particularly impactful in predicting ageism in younger adults, as compared with older adults.
经历年龄歧视已被证明会对老年人产生负面影响。本研究调查了年龄歧视的预测因素，以检验哪些因素对年龄歧视态度最重要。参与者（n=419）年龄在 18 至 86 岁之间，完成了一项在线调查，评估了年龄歧视和年龄歧视的几个预测因素。与人口统计学和幸福感因素的影响相比，对衰老的焦虑程度更高、对衰老的了解程度更低、与老年人的接触频率更低且质量更差，这些因素独特地预测了年龄歧视。对衰老的焦虑完全中介了死亡焦虑和年龄歧视之间的关系，以及对自身衰老的态度和年龄歧视之间的关系。调节分析表明，对衰老的了解缓冲了对衰老的焦虑对年龄歧视的影响，因此，与老年人相比，对衰老的了解程度较低和对衰老的焦虑程度较高对预测年轻人的年龄歧视具有特别大的影响。
