Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, United States.
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, United States; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Mar 25;710:136396. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136396. Epub 2019 Dec 30.
Melamine-based resins are used extensively in fabrics to impart fire and heat resistance as well as wrinkle-free properties. Little is known, however, regarding the occurrence of melamine and its derivatives in textiles. In this study, concentrations of melamine, ammeline, ammelide, and cyanuric acid were determined in 77 textile samples and infant clothing purchased from Albany, New York, USA. All textile samples contained one or more target analytes, at concentration ranges of 1.19-81,800, 3.21-17,800, <1.20-25,700, and <0.50-550 ng/g for melamine, cyanuric acid, ammeline, and ammelide, respectively. Melamine was the predominant compound, accounting for 52% of the total concentrations of four analytes (i.e., ∑melamines). Significant positive correlations were found between the concentrations of melamine and its three derivatives (0.347 < r < 0.862, p < .01). The concentrations of ∑melamines were significantly higher in cotton fabrics (mean: 10,500 ng/g) and cotton clothes (10,200 ng/g) than in synthetic fabrics (1,380 ng/g) and socks (40.0 ng/g) (p < .01). Simulated laundry experiments suggested that a single round of washing with water removed 76-90% of melamine from clothing. The calculated dermal exposure doses of melamine and cyanuric acid were three to four orders of magnitude below the reference value. This study provides the first evidence of the occurrence of melamine derivatives in textiles and clothing purchased in the United States. CAPSULE: Melamine and cyanuric acid are widely distributed in textiles and infant clothing collected from the United States.
三聚氰胺基树脂广泛用于织物，以赋予其防火、耐热和抗皱性能。然而，关于三聚氰胺及其衍生物在纺织品中的存在情况知之甚少。在这项研究中，对从美国纽约奥尔巴尼购买的 77 种纺织品样品和婴儿服装中的三聚氰胺、三聚氰胺盐酸盐、三聚氰胺酰胺和三聚氰酸的浓度进行了测定。所有的纺织品样品都含有一种或多种目标分析物，浓度范围分别为 1.19-81800、3.21-17800、<1.20-25700 和 <0.50-550ng/g。三聚氰胺是主要的化合物，占四种分析物（即∑三聚氰胺）总浓度的 52%。三聚氰胺及其三种衍生物的浓度之间存在显著的正相关关系（0.347<r<0.862，p<.01）。棉织物（均值：10500ng/g）和棉质衣物（10200ng/g）中∑三聚氰胺的浓度明显高于合成纤维织物（1380ng/g）和袜子（40.0ng/g）（p<.01）。模拟洗衣实验表明，用清水洗涤一次可去除衣物上 76-90%的三聚氰胺。计算得出的三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸经皮暴露剂量比参考值低三到四个数量级。这项研究首次提供了在美国购买的纺织品和服装中存在三聚氰胺衍生物的证据。
