Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
Department of Ornamental Plants and Garden Arts, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Poland.
J Photochem Photobiol B. 2020 Jan;203:111768. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111768. Epub 2019 Dec 30.
In vitro callus cultures of Verbena officinalis L. were maintained on solid Murashige and Skoog medium, enriched with 1 mg dm BA and 1 mg dm IBA under LED lights (red, blue, red/blue 70%/30%), in darkness and under control fluorescent lamps. The measurements of 2 phenylpropanoid glycosides (verbascoside and isoverbascoside) and 23 phenolic acids were performed in methanolic extracts from the biomass collected after 2-, 3- and 4-week growth cycles using the HPLC-DAD method. The presence of verbascoside, isoverbascoside and additionaly 7 phenolic acids (protocatechuic, chlorogenic, vanillic, caffeic, ferulic, o-coumaric and m-coumaric acids) was confirmed in all extracts. Blue and red/blue lights stimulated the accumulation of verbascoside (max. of 6716 and 6023 mg 100 g DW after a 4-week growth cycle) and isoverbascoside (max. 333 and 379 mg 100 g DW also after 4 weeks). The maximum amounts of verbascoside and isoverbascoside were respectively 1.8- and 7.0-fold higher than under the control conditions. Phenolic acids were accumulated in different amounts, and the maximum total amounts ranged from 36 to 65 mg 100 g DW. LED lights also stimulated their accumulation in comparison with darkness and control. The main phenolic acids included: m-coumaric acid (max. 39 mg 100 g DW), ferulic acid (max. 12 mg 100 g DW), and protocatechuic acid (max. 13 mg 100 g DW). Additionally, the quantities of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) were estimated in acetonic extracts using spectrophotometry. Red/blue light stimulated the biosynthesis of pigments (max. total content 287 μg g FW after 4-week growth cycles). This is the first study describing the effect of LED lights on the production of phenylpropanoid glycosides and phenolic acids in V. officinalis callus cultures. Very high amounts of verbascoside and isoverbascoside are interesting from a practical point of view.
离体绒毛矢车菊愈伤组织培养在固体 Murashige 和 Skoog 培养基上进行，在 LED 灯（红、蓝、红蓝 70%/30%）、黑暗中和对照荧光灯下，添加 1 mg dm BA 和 1 mg dm IBA。使用 HPLC-DAD 法，从经过 2、3 和 4 周生长周期后收集的生物量的甲醇提取物中测量 2 种苯丙素糖苷（毛蕊花糖苷和异毛蕊花糖苷）和 23 种酚酸。在所有提取物中均确认存在毛蕊花糖苷、异毛蕊花糖苷和另外 7 种酚酸（原儿茶酸、绿原酸、香草酸、咖啡酸、阿魏酸、对香豆酸和间香豆酸）。蓝灯和红蓝灯刺激毛蕊花糖苷（生长周期 4 周后最高达 6716 和 6023 mg 100 g DW）和异毛蕊花糖苷（最高达 333 和 379 mg 100 g DW 也在 4 周后）的积累。毛蕊花糖苷和异毛蕊花糖苷的最大含量分别比对照条件下高 1.8-和 7.0 倍。酚酸以不同的量积累，最大总量范围为 36-65 mg 100 g DW。与黑暗和对照相比，LED 灯也刺激了它们的积累。主要的酚酸包括：间香豆酸（最高 39 mg 100 g DW）、阿魏酸（最高 12 mg 100 g DW）和原儿茶酸（最高 13 mg 100 g DW）。此外，使用分光光度法在丙酮提取物中估计了光合色素（叶绿素 a、b 和类胡萝卜素）的量。红蓝光刺激色素的生物合成（生长周期 4 周后最高总含量 287 μg g FW）。这是第一项描述 LED 灯对绒毛矢车菊愈伤组织培养中苯丙素糖苷和酚酸生产影响的研究。从实际的角度来看，毛蕊花糖苷和异毛蕊花糖苷的高含量非常有趣。
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