Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Montclair State University, Bloomfield, NJ, United States.
School of Intervention and Wellness, Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States.
J Fluency Disord. 2020 Mar;63:105746. doi: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2020.105746. Epub 2020 Jan 8.
The purpose of this study was to identify components of disclosure events among people who stutter, and identify possible relations between these components in order to understand how disclosure events unfold.
Twelve adults who stutter participated in semi-structured interviews focused on disclosure of stuttering. Participants were purposefully selected due to their self-reported history of disclosing stuttering. Qualitative content analysis using a grounded theory approach helped to identify relevant themes and subthemes related to the process of disclosure of stuttering.
The findings describe the complex process of disclosure as being comprised of antecedents (including considerations about when and why to disclose), the disclosure event itself (including the content and form of the disclosure, most and least helpful methods of disclosure, as well as immediate listener reactions), and the perceived outcomes of the disclosure at individual, dyadic, and societal/contextual levels. These components of the process are linked and affect one another, resulting in a feedback loop. Disclosure methods are context-dependent and not mutually exclusive within individuals who stutter.
Professionals and advocates gaining a more nuanced understanding of the process of disclosure events can increase their ability to help people who stutter make optimal decisions about disclosure. Making good disclosure decisions can help PWS improve their quality of life and reduce a variety of environmental communicative barriers.
本研究旨在确定口吃者披露事件的组成部分，并确定这些组成部分之间可能存在的关系，以了解披露事件是如何展开的。
12 名口吃者参加了重点关注口吃披露的半结构化访谈。参与者是根据他们报告的口吃披露史有目的地选择的。使用扎根理论方法的定性内容分析有助于确定与口吃披露过程相关的主题和子主题。
研究结果描述了披露的复杂过程，包括前提（包括考虑何时以及为何披露）、披露事件本身（包括披露的内容和形式、最有用和最无用的披露方法，以及即时听众的反应）以及个体、二元和社会/背景层面的披露结果。这些过程的组成部分相互关联并相互影响，形成一个反馈循环。口吃者个体内部的披露方法是情境依赖性的，并非相互排斥。
专业人士和倡导者对口述事件过程的理解更加细致入微，就能提高他们帮助口吃者对口述做出最佳决策的能力。做出良好的披露决策有助于改善 PWS 的生活质量，并减少各种环境交流障碍。
