University of Southampton, United Kingdom.
Edinburgh Napier University, United Kingdom.
Appl Ergon. 2020 May;85:103037. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.103037. Epub 2020 Jan 10.
Semi-autonomous cars are already on the road and highly autonomous cars will soon be with us. Little is understood about how drivers will adapt to the changing relationship with their vehicle, but to ensure safety and consumer acceptance, this insight is vital. To this end, an on-road study in a semi-autonomous vehicle was undertaken with six UK drivers. The 'think aloud' technique was employed and video and audio footage of their interaction with the vehicle was captured. Neisser's (1976) Perceptual Cycle Model (PCM) was used to analyse the data and three case studies are presented to highlight how poor synergy between driver and semi-autonomous vehicles can occur from the lens of Schema, Action or World information. Seven key design considerations are proposed to ensure a more positive and safer interaction between driver and autonomous vehicle to guide focus by manufacturers. Further evidence for the existence of a 'counter cycle' (Plant and Stanton, 2015) within the PCM is found and how this relates to the challenges of using verbal protocals expressed during a fast moving dynamic task is discussed.
自动驾驶汽车已经上路，高度自动驾驶汽车也即将面世。人们对驾驶员如何适应与车辆关系的变化知之甚少，但为了确保安全和消费者接受度，这种洞察力至关重要。为此，在一辆半自动驾驶汽车上进行了一项基于英国的驾驶员的上路研究。研究采用了“出声思考”技术，并记录了他们与车辆互动的视频和音频片段。利用 Neisser（1976）的感知循环模型（PCM）对数据进行了分析，并呈现了三个案例研究，从模式、动作或世界信息的角度突出了驾驶员和半自动驾驶汽车之间如何会出现协同不良的情况。提出了七个关键设计注意事项，以确保驾驶员和自动驾驶汽车之间更积极、更安全的互动，为制造商提供指导。还发现了 PCM 中存在“反向循环”（Plant 和 Stanton，2015）的进一步证据，以及在快速移动的动态任务中使用口头协议时如何与之相关的挑战进行了讨论。
