Park Hun Pyeong
Adjunct Professor, Department of Classics & Medical History, College of Korean Medicine, Dong Shin University, Naju, Korea.
Uisahak. 2019 Dec;28(3):649-684. doi: 10.13081/kjmh.2019.28.649.
The status or role of Shanghan Lun (Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases) in Joseon is quite different compared to neighboring China and Japan. This is a unique aspect that distinguishes Joseon's medicine from other East Asian countries at that time. Prior studies have conducted research on non-professional books of Shanghan Lun; however, this study aims to analyze the transmission and utilization of professional books of Shanghan Lun. In the citations of medical books in the first half of Joseon period, the domestic introduction of professional books of Shanghan Lun used at the time occurred mostly from the mid-thirteenth century to the first half of the fifteenth century. In particular, the version of professional books of Shanghan Lun quoted in Euibangyoochui (Classified Collection of Medical Prescriptions) were centered on the Yuan edition. In other words, the acceptance of the theory of Cold Damage Diseases was based on the Yuan's medicine. Professional books of Shanghan Lun, which were published separately during the compilation or publication of Euibangyoochui, were intentionally selected. It is important to identify their characteristics. First of all, Shanghan Leishu (Classified Book of Cold Damage) was used as a textbook of Cold Damage in the first half of Joseon dynasty because the author of this book, Yang Shizhen and his practice acted as the basic text. The nature of Shanghan Leishu, which pursued the integration of "several symptoms of internal medicine" and "Cold Damage" instead of pursuing independent medicine of Cold Damage with different internal medicines, may have had some influence in forming the uniqueness of Joseon's medicine of Cold Damage. Shanghanfu (Harm Caused by Cold: A Poem) was an introduction for easy access to formal Cold Damage's content. Shanghanfu is presumed to be a medical book made out of prose poems, the core of Shanghanzhizhangtu. Non-professional books of Shanghanlun have also been cited in the first half of Joseon period's medical texts in relation to Cold Damage. However, these books were not used as textbooks in medical bureaucracy's education. The exclusion of major Cold Damage-related texts from the medical bureaucracy's education may have hampered the development of Joseon's Cold Damage medicine.
《伤寒论》在朝鲜的地位或作用与邻国中国和日本相比有很大不同。这是朝鲜医学在当时区别于其他东亚国家的一个独特方面。先前的研究对《伤寒论》的非专业书籍进行了研究；然而，本研究旨在分析《伤寒论》专业书籍的传播和利用情况。在朝鲜时期上半叶的医学书籍引用中，当时国内对所使用的《伤寒论》专业书籍的引进大多发生在13世纪中叶至15世纪上半叶。特别是，《医方类聚》中引用的《伤寒论》专业书籍版本以元版为中心。换句话说，对伤寒病理论的接受是基于元代医学。在编纂或出版《医方类聚》期间单独出版的《伤寒论》专业书籍是经过有意挑选的。识别它们的特点很重要。首先，《伤寒类书》在朝鲜王朝上半叶被用作伤寒病的教科书，因为这本书的作者杨士贞及其实践起到了基础文本的作用。《伤寒类书》追求“内科多种病症”与“伤寒”的整合，而不是用不同的内科方法追求独立的伤寒医学，其性质可能对形成朝鲜伤寒医学的独特性产生了一定影响。《伤寒赋》是为便于获取正式的伤寒病内容而作的介绍。《伤寒赋》据推测是一本由散文诗构成的医书，是《伤寒直指图》的核心。朝鲜时期上半叶的医学文本中也引用了与伤寒病相关的《伤寒论》非专业书籍。然而，这些书籍在医学官僚机构的教育中并未用作教科书。医学官僚机构的教育中排除主要的伤寒病相关文本可能阻碍了朝鲜伤寒医学的发展。
