School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China.
Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 14;17(2):514. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020514.
The aim of this study is to understand the utilization of inpatient services and its contributing factors among middle-aged and elderly females (MAEF) in less developed rural regions. Five surveys were conducted between 2006 and 2014 with rural residents of Jiangxi by stratified cluster random sampling. Participant females included only those who were aged 45 and above. Complex sampling logistics analysis was performed to analyze the effect of three factors on inpatient service. Complex sampling logistics regression analysis revealed that the probability of hospitalization for the divorced or widowed females was significantly lower than that of married ones (aOR = 0.177, < 0.05). However, the probability of early discharge was significantly higher among divorced or widowed females than married ones (aOR = 3.237, < 0.05). In addition, females with chronic diseases were more likely to be hospitalized (aOR = 3.682, < 0.05). Also, early discharge (aOR = 7.689, < 0.05) occurred among the participants who should be hospitalized but were not hospitalized occurred (aOR = 3.258, < 0.05). The continuous improvement of the new rural cooperative medical policy has promoted the utilization of inpatient services for the MAEF. Findings from this study emphasize the need to strengthen the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases among middle-aged and elderly women.
本研究旨在了解欠发达农村地区中老年女性（MAEF）住院服务的利用情况及其影响因素。2006 年至 2014 年，采用分层整群随机抽样方法对江西省农村居民进行了五次调查。参与者中仅包括年龄在 45 岁及以上的女性。采用复杂抽样物流分析方法分析了三个因素对住院服务的影响。复杂抽样物流回归分析显示，离异或丧偶女性住院的概率明显低于已婚女性（aOR=0.177，<0.05）。然而，离异或丧偶女性的提前出院概率明显高于已婚女性（aOR=3.237，<0.05）。此外，患有慢性病的女性更有可能住院（aOR=3.682，<0.05）。同样，对于应该住院但未住院的患者，提前出院（aOR=7.689，<0.05）的概率更高（aOR=3.258，<0.05）。新型农村合作医疗政策的不断完善，促进了中老年女性住院服务的利用。本研究结果强调需要加强中老年女性慢性病的预防和治疗。
