Aruguete Mara S, Ely Elizabeth A, King James E
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson.
Am J Primatol. 1992;27(3):177-188. doi: 10.1002/ajp.1350270303.
Varieties of nonmanipulative motor responses were observed in chimpanzees and squirrel monkeys. Chimpanzees displayed a right hand preference for touching their inanimate environments but used their right and left hands equally for touching their faces and their bodies. The latter result was not consistent with previous reports of a left hand preference for face touching in apes. The right hand preference for environmental touching was stronger in male than in female chimpanzees. Squirrel monkeys had a right preference for combined hand and foot responses directed to their bodies, but expressed no handedness for environmentally directed touching. These limb preferences in chimpanzees and squirrel monkeys indicate that neither precise, complex manipulation nor postural instability are necessary conditions for population level hand preferences. Factor analysis of the chimpanzee manual responses showed distinct self and environmentally directed factors. Analysis of the squirrel monkey data also showed self and environmental factors, except that body scratching had a negative loading on the environmental factor. This latter result suggests that self-scratching by squirrel monkeys is a displacement activity that suppresses manual exploration of the environment. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
在黑猩猩和松鼠猴中观察到了多种非操纵性运动反应。黑猩猩在触摸无生命环境时表现出右手偏好，但在触摸脸部和身体时左右手使用频率相同。后一结果与之前关于猿类在触摸脸部时左手偏好的报道不一致。雄性黑猩猩在触摸环境方面的右手偏好比雌性更强。松鼠猴在针对自身的手部和足部联合反应上表现出右手偏好，但在针对环境的触摸中没有表现出用手偏好。黑猩猩和松鼠猴的这些肢体偏好表明，精确、复杂的操作和姿势不稳定都不是群体水平上手偏好的必要条件。对黑猩猩手部反应的因子分析显示出明显的自我导向和环境导向因子。对松鼠猴数据的分析也显示出自我和环境因子，只是身体抓挠在环境因子上有负载荷。后一结果表明，松鼠猴的自我抓挠是一种替代行为，抑制了对环境的手动探索。© 1992威利 - 利斯公司。
