Everatt Rūta, Virvičiūtė Dalia, Tamošiūnas Abdonas
Laboratory of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Laboratory of Population Studies, Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2019 Dec;27(4):272-278. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a5080.
Previous studies have observed notable unexplained geographic differences in incidence of kidney cancer in Europe. Lithuania is among the countries with the highest incidence and mortality. Our objective was to investigate the effect of different lifestyle, anthropometric and biological factors on the risk of kidney cancer in Lithuanian men.
This population-based cohort study included 6,849 men initially free from cancer. During the follow-up (1978-2008), 79 incident cases of kidney cancer were identified. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Risk of kidney cancer was significantly associated with increasing body mass index (BMI), the adjusted HR for ≥ 35 vs. < 25 kg/m was 3.00, 95% CI 1.10-8.19 and the HR per 1 unit increment of BMI was 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.14. In overweight men (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m), the HRs for kidney cancer per 10 mmHg increment of systolic or diastolic blood pressure were 1.10, 95% CI 0.96-1.25 and 1.26, 95% CI 1.01-1.56, respectively. We found no significant association between smoking, alcohol consumption or total serum cholesterol level and kidney cancer risk.
This study supports a link between increased BMI and the development of kidney cancer among men in Lithuania. Hypertension appears to be associated with risk of kidney cancer in overweight men, although the assessment was limited by the lack of statistical power.
以往研究观察到欧洲肾癌发病率存在显著的、无法解释的地域差异。立陶宛是发病率和死亡率最高的国家之一。我们的目的是调查不同生活方式、人体测量学和生物学因素对立陶宛男性患肾癌风险的影响。
这项基于人群的队列研究纳入了6849名最初无癌症的男性。在随访期间（1978 - 2008年），确定了79例肾癌新发病例。采用Cox比例风险回归模型估计风险比（HR）及相应的95%置信区间（95%CI）。
肾癌风险与体重指数（BMI）升高显著相关，BMI≥35 kg/m² 与<25 kg/m² 相比，校正后的HR为3.00，95%CI为1.10 - 8.19，BMI每增加1个单位，HR为1.07，95%CI为1.01 - 1.14。在超重男性（BMI≥25 kg/m²）中，收缩压或舒张压每升高10 mmHg，患肾癌的HR分别为1.10，95%CI为0.96 - 1.25和1.26，95%CI为1.01 - 1.56。我们发现吸烟、饮酒或总血清胆固醇水平与肾癌风险之间无显著关联。
本研究支持立陶宛男性中BMI升高与肾癌发生之间存在联系。高血压似乎与超重男性的肾癌风险相关，尽管由于统计效力不足，评估受到限制。
