Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
Tufts University Department of Economics, Medford, MA, United States.
J Health Econ. 2020 Mar;70:102280. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2019.102280. Epub 2019 Dec 26.
Between 1980 and 2015, Mexican immigration to the United States and the share of Mexican immigrants in the labor force quintupled. We provide the first evidence examining whether this impacted one element of the work environment for native workers: workplace safety. To account for endogeneity and ensure that the change in Mexican immigration arose from supply shifts, we use 2SLS and instrumental variables. We show Mexican immigration over this period led natives to work in safer jobs; resulted in fewer workplace injuries for natives; and reduced WC benefit claims overall, which had a meaningful impact on employer costs for WC.
1980 年至 2015 年间，墨西哥移民到美国的人数和移民在劳动力中的占比都增加了四倍。我们首次提供证据来检验这是否影响了美国工人工作环境的一个要素：工作场所安全。为了解决内生性问题并确保墨西哥移民数量的变化是由供应变化引起的，我们使用了两阶段最小二乘法和工具变量法。结果表明，这一时期的墨西哥移民使本土工人从事更安全的工作；减少了本土工人的工作场所受伤；总体上减少了工人赔偿福利的索赔，这对工人赔偿的雇主成本产生了重大影响。
