Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
J Periodontol. 2020 Sep;91(9):1194-1202. doi: 10.1002/JPER.19-0535. Epub 2020 Jul 17.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from periodontal ligament (PDL) and gingiva can be used for the development of cell-based regenerative approaches in dentistry and medicine. The purpose of this investigation was to establish a method for isolation of human stem cells from the PDL and gingiva, multilineage differentiation of those cells, and comparison of periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (PDLMSCs) and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs).
PDL and gingival tissues of third molar teeth were digested enzymatically and the proliferative potential of human PDLMSCs and GMSCs was compared by MTT assay. The expression of cell surface epitopes was analyzed by flow cytometry. To investigate the multilineage differentiation capacity of these stem cells, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation was achieved. The specific staining of nodules was performed to evaluate differentiation, whereas the expression of alkalin phosphatase (ALP) and collagen A I (COL I) genes was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
The outgrown cells derived from PDL and gingival tissues were similar, fibroblast-like, and spindle-shaped. Further, the proliferation potential of GMSCs was greater than PDLMSCs. Both types of stem cells expressed MSC precursor markers, including CD73, CD90, and CD105, whereas they were negative for hematopoietic markers, including CD34 and CD45. PDLMSCs demonstrated more osteogenic potential compared to GMSCs with strong mineral noduls, and significantly greater expression of up-regulated bone-related markers ALP and COL I.
MSCs derived from PDL and gingiva demonstrated multipotent characteristics, suggesting new therapeutic approaches in tissue engineering and PDLMSCs are more appropriate candidates for this purpose.
牙周膜（PDL）和牙龈来源的间充质干细胞（MSCs）可用于开发牙科和医学的基于细胞的再生方法。本研究旨在建立一种从牙周膜和牙龈分离人干细胞的方法，对这些细胞进行多能性分化，并比较牙周膜间充质干细胞（PDLMSCs）和牙龈间充质干细胞（GMSCs）。
用酶消化第三磨牙的牙周膜和牙龈组织，通过 MTT 法比较人 PDLMSCs 和 GMSCs 的增殖潜能。通过流式细胞术分析细胞表面表型。为了研究这些干细胞的多能性分化能力，进行了成骨和成脂分化。通过特异性染色结节来评估分化，而碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和胶原 A I（COL I）基因的表达则通过定量实时聚合酶链反应分析。
从牙周膜和牙龈组织中生长的细胞相似，呈成纤维细胞样，纺锤形。此外，GMSCs 的增殖潜能大于 PDLMSCs。两种类型的干细胞均表达 MSC 前体标志物，包括 CD73、CD90 和 CD105，而它们对造血标志物 CD34 和 CD45 呈阴性。与 GMSCs 相比，PDLMSCs 具有更强的成骨潜能，表现为强烈的矿化结节，并且上调的骨相关标志物 ALP 和 COL I 的表达显著增加。
PDL 和牙龈来源的 MSCs 表现出多能性特征，提示在组织工程中有新的治疗方法，而 PDLMSCs 是更适合这一目的的候选者。
