Yu Xuan, Hu Qiuguang, Shen Manhong
Business School, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
Donghai Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
Biology (Basel). 2020 Jan 16;9(1):18. doi: 10.3390/biology9010018.
The continued growth in mariculture efficiency in China is vital in ensuring that the country will continue to be the primary source of its own food in the 21st century. A large gap exists between the input and output of mariculture in China's coastal provinces. Hence, methods to improve mariculture efficiency can be developed by analyzing provincial differences and dynamic changes in mariculture efficiency. These methods are important in solving China's food security problems. This study uses the super-slacks-based measure model and global Malmquist index to measure the mariculture efficiency scores and their changes in China's nine coastal provinces from 2004 to 2016. Results suggest that the mariculture efficiencies in Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, Shandong, and Guangdong are higher than those in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Liaoning, and Hebei. The mariculture efficiency in China increased by 6.45% from 2004 to 2016, and technological progress was the main driving force for this. The authors combine the results with the mariculture characteristics in each province and present the following findings: (1) mariculture scale affects mariculture efficiency; (2) efficient mariculture relies on a good marine ecosystem; (3) policy adjustments significantly affect the development of mariculture; (4) the key to improving mariculture efficiency is enhancing mariculture technology.
中国海水养殖效率的持续增长对于确保该国在21世纪继续成为自身粮食的主要来源至关重要。中国沿海省份海水养殖的投入与产出之间存在巨大差距。因此，可以通过分析各省差异和海水养殖效率的动态变化来开发提高海水养殖效率的方法。这些方法对于解决中国的粮食安全问题至关重要。本研究使用基于超效率松弛测度模型和全局Malmquist指数来衡量2004年至2016年中国九个沿海省份的海水养殖效率得分及其变化。结果表明，广西、海南、福建、山东和广东的海水养殖效率高于江苏、浙江、辽宁和河北。2004年至2016年，中国海水养殖效率提高了6.45%，技术进步是其主要驱动力。作者将结果与各省的海水养殖特点相结合，得出以下结论：（1）养殖规模影响海水养殖效率；（2）高效的海水养殖依赖良好的海洋生态系统；（3）政策调整对海水养殖发展有重大影响；（4）提高海水养殖效率的关键是提升养殖技术。
